202 Prof. H. James-Clark on the Spongie ciliate 
glimmering outlines of the prongs of a tuning-fork when vi- 
brating. When observed with a poorly defining lens, I can 
readily see that this phenomenon might be mistaken for the 
cone of light produced by the gyratory vibrations of a single 
filament, or for the bright lumen of a circular row of vibrating 
cilia. As regards the former category, it may be said that the 
flagellum is far more conspicuous than the collar, and may be 
seen clearly projecting in the line of the axis of the body, and 
vibrating after a manner of its own. As for the latter supposed 
case, one might be inclined to dismiss it without any scruple, 
upon the simple assumption that no flagellate infusorian can 
bear numerous cilia, were it not that I call to mind my own 
discovery of a flagellated animalcule (Heteromastiz, figs. 70-74) 
of the heteronematous form, which is at the same time abun- 
dantly ciliated. I have therefore taken all possible pains to 
ascertain that this ‘‘collar”’ (figs. 28-32, b) is a genuine mem- 
brane, and not the similitude of one. 
Occasionally individuals (fig. 32) were seen which bore an 
inverted conical collar (6) that remained, at least for a time, 
at an expansion and altitude equal to the breadth and height 
of the calyx (c).. These were among the largest specimens 
found, and almost or altogether filled the calyx. Rarely were 
examples found which crowded the calyx so fully as to seem 
to bulge it out laterally. Figure 31 represents such an in- 
stance, in which the aperture (c!) of the calyx is absolutely 
inseparable from the head, excepting that, knowing that it is 
not really continuous, one recognizes the line of demarcation 
by the abrupt change in the thickness of the seemingly uninter- 
rupted membrane. ‘This case is also remarkable, inasmuch as 
it at the same time furnishes us with an example of an enor- 
mously large, bulging, campanulate collar, nearly as broad as 
the most common and normally permanent form (fig. 28), and 
yet higher than it is wide. In all probability, judging from 
appearances, which in every respect remind one of the ~ - 
ratory steps of fissigemmation of Codosiga pulcherrima, this 
individual is soon about to undergo self-division. Unfortu- 
nately the drawing was made at a time when the impending 
process could not be watched. 
The flagellum (fl) is as highly flexible as that of S. gracilis, 
and very active throughout its length. It is attached to a more 
or less elevated axial prominence in the middle of the frontal 
area, and extends to a length which is at most not more than 
one-third greater than that of the body. 
Regarding the digestive organs nothing can be said, except- 
ing that dark irregular pellets and loose foreign material were 
abundant enough, and so irregularly scattered that they could 
not be looked upon otherwise than as nutritive matter. 
