Meteorological Observations. 239 



animal. This little creature is nourished in its earlier stage by the 

 introduction within its own system of the parent fluid in which it 

 exists. This is done through a circular umbilical pulsating heart, 

 which opens by a slit, situated about the centre of the young animal. 

 At this early stage the future intestinal canal is not visible, but certain 

 oval-shaped' cells are apparent in irregular positions, sometimes con- 

 nected in chain-like line. 



Shortly, that which I here call umbilical circulation ceases, and the 

 young worm moves within the uterine sac ; the intestinal canal becomes 

 now more apparent, the oval cells lying more compact, and the whole 

 surrounded by a wall. Before this is quite perfect, the young crea- 

 ture leaves the sac and passes into a passage or oviduct, one of which 

 on either side of the animal traverses the walls of the worm, and opens 

 into the rectum, beyond the point where the intestinal tube is incor- 

 porated with the outer walls of the worm, and is thus voided. Some- 

 times, though rarely, two young worms exist within the same sac. 

 The greatest number which one might have is perhaps about a dozen. 

 The average number of young found in any specimen at one time is 

 three or four. — Report of the Sivansea Literary and Scientific Society 

 for 1850. 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS FOR JULY 1851*. 



Chiswick. — July I. Hazy and mild : rain : cloudy and fine : thunder and light- 

 ning, with very heavy rain. 2. Fine : very fine : clear. 3. Unifornnly overcast: 

 cloudy and fine : densely clouded. 4. Overcast: very fine : clear. 5 — 7. Very 

 fine. 8. Cloudy : rain. 9. Cloudy and fine. 10. Rain. II, 12. Very fine. 



13. Cloudy and fine : overcast : rain. 14. Cloudy : windy. 15. Fine : windy : 

 slight rain. 16, 17. Very fine. 18. Cloudy. 19. Fine : rain : constant heavy 

 rain in the evening. 20. Cloudy and fine. 21. Very fine. 22. Dry haze : very 

 fine. 23 Rain. 24. Heavy rain. 25, 26. Very fine. 27. Cloudy and fine. 

 28. Cloudy: rain. 29. Very fine. 30. Foggy : very fine. 31. Hazy : overcast. 



Mean temperature of the month 60°'71 



Mean temperature of July 1850 61 'dX 



Mean temperature of July for the last twenty-five years . 63 *13 

 Average amount of rain in July 2'30 inches. 



Boston. — July 1,2. Fine. 3. Cloudy. 4, 5. Fine. 6,7. Cloudy. 8. Cloudy: 

 rain A.M. and P.M. 9. Rain : rain a.m. 10 — 12. Cloudy. 13. Fine : rain p.m. 



14. Cloudy: rain a.m. and r.M. 15, 16. Cloudy. 17. Cloudy: rain with 

 thunder A.M. 18. Fine. 19. Fine: rain p.m. 20. Cloudy: rain a.m. 21. Fine: 

 rain P.M. 22. Fine. 23. Cloudy: rain a.m. and p..\i. 24. Rain: rain a.m. 

 and P.M. 25. Cloudy : rain a.m. and p.m. 26. Cloudy : rain p.m. 27. Fine. 

 28. Rain : rain early A.M. 29. Cloudy: rain p m. 30. Cloudy. 31. Cloudy: 

 rain p.m. 



Sandwick Manse, Orkney. — July 1 . Fog. 2. Cloudy : clear. 3. Clear. 4. 

 Cloudy : drizzle. 5. Damp : clear. 6. Damp : drizzle. 7. Drizzle : rain. 

 8. Bright: clear. 9. Bright: clear: fine. 10. Drops. 11. Showers: fog. 

 12. Rain. 13. Cloudy: rain. 14. Damp. 15. Drizzle : rain. 16. Cloudy. 

 17. Damp : drizzle. IS. Bright : fine. 19. Fine. 20. Bright : rain. 21. Drizzle: 

 rain: cloudy. 22. Bright : clear: fine. 23. Fine : clear: fine. 24. Cloudy: fine. 

 25. Cloudy : drizzle. 26. Cloudy : rain. 27. Drizzle : fine. 28. Rain : cloudy. 

 29,30. Cloudy. 31. Rain : drizzle. 



* The observations from the Rev. W. Dunbar of Applegarth Manse have 

 not reached iis. 



