with descriptions of some new species. 361 



from spines are characteristic. The ' bulging ' about the middle 

 of the stem, as represented in Van Beneden's figure, was wanting 

 in my specimens ; but this can hardly be accounted an essential 

 character. 



Farrella. 



The I'leetwood buoy which pelded the Pedicellina gracilis also 

 siipplied me with specimens of a zoophyte which must be referred 

 to the genus Farrella, but which differs remarkably from the F. 

 repens of Dr. Farre. I have not met with any description of it. 



Species F. producta (Hincks). 



Cells oblong, on a pedicle, as long as the cell or longer ; tentacula 

 twelve. 



The cells, which are more slender than those of F. repens, are 

 produced below into a long, gently tapering pedicle which con- 

 nects them with the creeping fibre. This is equal to the cell in 

 length or exceeds it ; it becomes much attenuated towards the 

 base. A thread of matter passes down from the bottom of the 

 stomach through the pedicle. The cells are generally set a little 

 obliquely on their stalks. The polypes have twelve arms, and 

 exhibit a structm-e like that of the F. rqiens as described by 

 Dr. Farre. 



This is a very pretty species, and may be known at once by its 

 long and tapering pedicle (PI. XIV. fig. 10). 



Apologizing for the length to which these notes have extended, 



I remain. Gentlemen, your obedient servant, 



Thomas Hincks. 



Exeter. 



P.S. — Since wTiting the foregoing pages I have had an oppor- 

 tunity of examining the Cycloum papillosum of Hassall in a living 

 state, and of witnessing the escape of the gemmules from the 

 ovarium. In this species the ovaries appear as yellowish /3fl7ji//<?, 

 scattered irregularly over the surface of the polypidom. Within 

 these the ova are arranged circularly. At the top of each ova- 

 rium is a slight depression marked by a small dark spot. At 

 this point, when the gemmules are about to escape, an opening 

 appears, and a little tube is gradually pushed forth to some 

 distance. Through this tubular orifice the gemmules may be 

 seen working their way by means of their cilia. As soon as they 

 have effected their escape they begin to move with great activity 

 through the water. I have seen seven pairs from a single ovary 

 in the coui-se of a few seconds, and very interesting it was to 

 watch them struggling through the tubular passage, and launch- 



