1899] MICROSCOPICAL JOURNAL 369 



finally succeeded with alum-carmine. I had tried picro- 

 carmine without success, and had never been able to se- 

 cure a good stain with picro-carmine on liver. One hour 

 and fifty minutes with alum-carmine gave the best results. 

 The crystal-violet with which the bacilli were stained, and 

 which is washed out much or entirely by the alcohols and 

 clearer, must be sufficiently intense to permit of thorough 

 dehydration and clearing and yet leave a distinct stain. 

 One and one-half minutes will suffice if care is taken not 

 to leave longer than is necessary in alcohol. By this stain 

 the nuclei and the cell body are clearly differentiated and 

 the alum-carmine forms a very good contrast stain with 

 the crystal-violet. The simplicity of the method com- 

 mends it. With methylene blue a still greater contrast 

 may be secured. 



Fusulina Cylindrica Shell Structure. 



ALVA J. SMITH. 



The living Fusulina cylindrica was a member of the 

 animal sub-kingdom Protozoa, class Rhizopoda, order For- 

 aminifera, family NummulitidsB. The shape of the shell 

 of the young is a spheroid, but changes during the growth 

 of the animal to an ovaloid, which resembles a grain of 

 wheat in both form and size. This shell is composed of 

 longitudinal chambers arranged spirally around a central 

 spherical chamber, making about ten complete whorls in 

 the adult shell. 



The average length of the Fusulina is about 6 mm. and 

 the thickness 2.5 mm. The spheroidal nucleus or central 

 chamber is about 1-10 mm. in diameter and is provided 

 with many circular openings, through which the animal 

 protrudes its thread-like pseudopodia, and is connected by 

 a small open entrance to the second chamber. The sec- 

 ond chamber is about 3-100 mm. in width, while its length 

 embraces slightly over one-half of the nucleal chamber. 



