of the Herbarium of Acharius. 317 



maintained, inasmuch as they depend solely on slight modifica- 

 tions in the mode of prolifi cation. 



The herbarium at Helsingfors contains many folioliferous 

 specimens of this species, and amongst them I observed a spe- 

 cimen of C. degenerans. 



22. Cladonia pleurota, (Ach.) Syn. p. 270 et hb. ejusd. 



This species is nothing more than a variety of the preceding. 

 All the Achariau specimens are referable to C. coccifera ; and 

 FJorke (Com. p. 91) has wrongly reproached him for having 

 confounded C. pleurota with C. deformis. 



23. Cladonia bellidiflora, (Ach.) Syn. p. 270 et hb. ejusd. 



The C. bellidiflora is the least polymorphous species of the 

 genus, and preserves suflSciently well in its diverse modifications 

 the typical characters of the species. Nevertheless Acharius 

 has mentioned four varieties ; but I must confess that his herba- 

 rium exhibits very little real difference between his forms am- 

 pullifera, ventricosa, and gracilenta, and that his var. polycephala 

 appears to me to be only the type in fructification. For simplicity's 

 sake, therefore, it is necessary to reject these artificial distinc- 

 tions. 



Some specimens of C. bellidiflora v. polycephala, sent from 

 Grimsel by Schserer, seem to me to be rather C. degenerans. 



24. Cladonia ceratophylla, (Ach.) Syn. p. 271 et hb. ejusd. 



The Acharian herbarium contains only a well-characterized 

 fragment of this species. 



25. Cladonia cenotea, (Ach.) Syn. p. 271 et hb. ejusd. 



The typical Acharian specimens present nothing remarkable. 

 As to the var. crassota, it differs so little from the type, that it 

 may be erased. 



26. Cladonia par echo, (Ach.) Syn. p. 272 et hb. ejusd. 



This Acharian species is synonymous with Cladonia turgida, 

 Hfi"m. 



The Acharian specimens are not numerous, but sufficiently 

 pure, except a specimen of C uncialis obtusata (Ach.). 



The Lichen candelabrum of Bory de Saint Vincent, cited here 

 as a synonj'm, difiers considerably from C. turgida, and consti- 

 tutes a distinct species — Cladonia candelabrum (Bor.). 



27. Cladonia crispata, (Ach.) Syn. p. 272 et hb. ejusd. 



All the specimens of the Acharian herbarium are perfectly 

 typical, and exhibit no approach to any other species. 



