418 Rev. W. A. Leighton on the Determination of the 



III. Cladina, Nyl. Thallus leafless. (See Flora, 1866, p. 178, 

 and Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3. xviii. p. 105.) 



* Phaocarpce (K + ). 



\. a rangiferina, HofFm. (E. Bot. 173; Dill. t. xvi. f. 29 

 A & b) =Sch{Er. L. H. 76, 77-, Anzi, C. C.25 a (in part) ; Spruce, 

 L. Amaz. 17; Richardson, L. Arct. Am. 31, 32; Wright, Cub. 

 38,39; Mudd, Br. L. 19; Wagner, Lich. 22; Fellm. Lapp. 

 38; M. &. N. 72 (part.) ; Mudd, Br. CI. 58; Coem. Clad. Belg. 

 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 

 147, 149, 172. 



It has long been suspected that rangiferina and sylvaticUy 

 although classed together, were in reality two distinct species ; 

 and the different reaction in the two plants proves this suspicion 

 Xo have good foundation. 



The reaction (K + ) separates this from sylvatica, portentosa^ 

 and alpestris (K— ), and unites pi/cnoclada (K + ) with it. 



My herbarium has it also from Salzburg (Dr. Schwarz), 

 Jerkin, Norway (Dr. W. L. Lindsay), Holm (Dr. Nylander), 

 Bagni di Lucca (Dr. Deakin), and from Leicestershire (Rev. A. 

 Bloxam), Glen Callater, Braemar (Dr. W. L. Lindsay). 



Dr. Nylander says (in Hit.) the C rangiferina is decidedly a 

 jdistinct species from C. sylvatica. That which M. VAhhi Coe- 

 mans calls " C. rangiferina, var. sylvatica forma intermedia inter 

 typum et var. sylvaticam. — C rangiferina, <y. tenuis, S. fuscescens, 

 Flk. Comm. p. 165/^ and gives in his CI. Belg. 149, is evidently 

 a form of rangiferina, and exhibits the reaction K + . 



2. C. gorgonea, Eschw. According to Dr. Nylander [in litt.) 

 this has K + . 



** PhaocarptB (K — ). 



3. C. sylvatica, Hoffm. = Leight. Exs. 57; Richardson, 30, 

 33, 35 ; Massal. 192, 193 ; Welw. Lusit. 30 ; Schser. L. H. 78 ; 

 Mudd, Br. L. 20; Br. Clad. 57, 59, 60; Bohl. 6; M. &N. 72; 

 Anzi, C. C. 25 a (in part) b ; Coem. Clad. Belg. 129, 130, 131, 

 132, 133, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 

 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171. 



Of this in my herbarium are also specimens from Untersont- 

 heim (Kemler), Upsal (Dr. T. M. Fries), Salzburg (Dr. Schwarz), 

 liheris (Dr. Philippe), Algeria (Durieu), Jerkin, Norway (Dr. W. 

 L. Lindsay), Leicestershire (Rev. A. Bloxam), Yorkshire (Mr. 

 G. Dixon), Blaebery Hill, Perth (Dr. W. L. Lindsay), Basing- 

 stoke (Mr. R. S. Hill), Forfarshire (Rev. T. B. Bell), and Shrop- 

 shire. 



Some of the above specimens exhibit a slightly fuscescent 

 reaction; nevertheless none of them have the decided yellow 



