Miscellamous. ^11 



Note on West- African Species q/'Hemirhamphus. 

 By Dr. A. Gunther. 



I have just observed that I omitted, ia my account of Hemirham.' 

 phus, to mention the West- African species described and figured by 

 Dr. Bleeker in " Poissons de la Cote de Guinee," Mem. Soc. HoU. 

 Haarlem, 1862. 



1. The species described by him (p. 118, tab. 21. fig. 2) as H. 

 vittatus ( Val.), and identified with Esox brasiliensis (Brown), is most 

 probably the Linnean Esox brasiliensis (see Catal. Fish. vi. p. 270), 

 but distinct from H. vittatus (Val.). 



2. Hemirhamphus guineensis, n. sp., Blkr. p. 119, tab. 25. fig. 2, 

 is identical with H. vittatus (Val.), Giinth. Fish. vi. p. 269. 



3. Hemirhamphus Schlegelii, Blkr. p. 120, tab. 25. fig. 1, is a 

 very distinct species, to which I have, unfortunately, given another 

 name, viz. H. calabaricus (Fish. vi. p. 266). 



On the Organs of Secretion in the Hemiptera. 



By J. KUNCKEL. 



The most voluminous of the salivary glands are supported on the 

 stomach, and occupy the whole upper part of the thoracic cavity, 

 and extend into the abdomen. Each of them is divided into two 

 parts by a constriction, and from this point the ejaculatory duct issues 

 beneath. This duct divides at once into two branches, the largest 

 of which runs almost directly to the head, passing beneath the 

 oesophagus, where it approaches that of the opposite side. These 

 ducts become fixed in a small cylindrical piece, of solid texture, and 

 finally open by distinct orifices. The smaller branch descends into 

 the abdomen, forming numerous sinuosities, and then ascends towards 

 the head ; on arriving in front of the oesophagus, being suddenly 

 turned aside, it passes beneath a large coriaceous piece, which plays 

 a great part in the movements of the parts of the mouth and in the 

 acts of suction and deglutition. 



The glands of the second pair, concealed beneath the principal 

 glands, are formed each of a simple ceecal tube rolled upon itself 

 and terminating at the outer angle of the coriaceous piece just men- 

 tioned. 



The superior salivary apparatus contains a secreting membrane 

 covered throughout with utricles of equal size. The anterior part, 

 often inflated, looks as if it formed a reservotr for the hinder part, 

 which is generally racemose ; but this is not the case, as the histo- 

 logical constitution shows that the same functions are performed by 

 both parts. The second salivary apparatus shows much analogy with 

 the preceding in its structure, but its utricles are more Sfcattered. 

 The two glands of which it is formed are the seat of a special secre- 

 tion, and not, as supposed by L^on Dufour, reservoirs for that of the 

 superior glands. The salivary secretion, when introduced into plants, 

 produced none of the eiFects ascribed to the attacks of Hemiptera. 



