HUMAN INDIVIDUALIZATION INCOMPLETE. 237 



that we are not all we are capable of being, it is 

 perhaps pretty obvious that we are not yet perfect 

 individuals, but it is equally true that we are not yet 

 perfectly individualized. There are many facts 

 about our constitution which it is difficult to explain 

 except on the theory that from a higher point of 

 view our individuality would appear almost as 

 shadowy and imperfect as that of a zoophyte does 

 to us. 



If by a person we mean a conscious and spiritual 

 individiial, possessing moral and legal responsibility, 

 who must be treated as an end and never as a 

 means, then the higher phase of individuality, 

 which we designate by the term personality, is an 

 ideal to which we have very imperfectly attained. 

 Heredity, which seems to render our moral, intel- 

 lectual and physical characteristics more or less 

 dependent on the action of our parents and ances- 

 tors, limits, if it does not destroy, our freedom and 

 our responsibility. A corresponding limitation is 

 indicated by the feelings which prompt us to the 

 maintenance of our species and thereby put us in 

 the position of means to the production of other 

 beings ; and perhaps they are indicative of imper- 

 fections of personality in other ways also (ch. xi. § 24). 

 Our spiritual liberty, moreover, is constantly depend- 

 ent on the physical necessities of our organism, which 

 are very far from being always compatible with the 

 requirements of our spiritual activities. This, indeed, 

 is only a single instance of the imperfect correspond- 

 ence which prevails between the elements of our 

 being and of the imperfect co-ordination of the 

 portions of our organism. For it is not merely in 

 disease that the subordinate parts of the organism 

 disobey and ignore the behests of the ruling prin- 



