32 DUTCH. HOLDERNESS. HUBBACK. 



were imported from Denmark into New England in con- 

 siderable numbers, and thus laid the foundation of a 

 valuable stock in this country. They extended along 

 the coast, it is said, through Holland to France. The 

 dairy formed a prominent branch of farming at a very 

 early date in Holland, and experience led to the great- 

 est care in the choice and breeding of dairy stock. 

 From these cattle many selections were made to cross 

 over to the counties of York and Durham. The pre- 

 vailing color of the large Dutch cattle was black and 

 white, beautifully contrasted. 



The cattle produced by these crosses a century ago 

 were known under the name of " Dutch." The cows 

 selected for crossing with the early imported Dutch 

 bulls were generally long-horned, large-boned, coarse 

 animals, a fair type of which was found in the old " Hold- 

 erness" breed of Yorkshire, slow feeders, strong in 

 the shoulder, defective in the fore quarter, and not very 

 profitable for the butcher, their meat being " coarse to 

 the palate and uninviting to the eye." Their milking 

 qualities were good, surpassing, probably, those of the 

 improved short-horns. Whatever may be the truth with 

 regard to these crosses, and however far they proved 

 effective in creating or laying the foundation of the 

 modern improved short-horns, the results of the efforts 

 made in Yorkshire and some of the adjoining counties 

 were never so satisfactory to the best judges as those 

 of the breeders along the Tees, who selected animals 

 with greater reference to fineness of bone and symme- 

 try of form, and the animals they bred soon took the 

 lead, and excited great emulation in improvement 



The famous bull "Hubback," bred by Mr. Turner, of 

 Hurworth, and subsequently owned by Mr. Colling, 

 laid the foundation of the celebrity of the short-horns, 

 and it is the pride of short-horn breeders to trace back 



