288 



MILK 



after. Even whitewashing 

 ments of the same authors, 



5=C 



V 



Fig. 96. Chain on stan- 

 chion frame (or stanchion) to 

 pass under the neck when de- 

 sired to keep cows standing 

 after being cleaned and be- 

 fore being milked. (Pearson, 

 U. S. Dept. of Agric.. Farmer's 

 Bull. 63.) 



with a minimum chance 

 floors. 



H 



the walls, according to the experi- 

 does not decrease the germ content of 

 milk, but as a sanitary measure is 

 unquestionably of some value. Paint- 

 ing the walls, on the other hand, 

 was of distinct value, the germ con- 

 tent having been decreased by 137 

 per cent. 



Stanchions made of metal piping 

 are easily washed and painted, while 

 those made of wood, especially rough 

 wood, are difficult to free from 

 dust. The swinging stanchion that 

 is largely used in up-to-date dairies 

 is not only easily kept clean, but 

 gives the cow ample room to move 

 and lie down (Fig. 96). 



If the gutters and feeding troughs 

 are constructed of cement, the cor- 

 ners can be rounded off, and clean- 

 ing is thus facilitated (Figs. 97, 

 98). Gutters should be large enough 

 to receive the excreta and urine 



of contaminating the bedding and 



Fig. 97. Side aisle of certified milk dairy transformed from old barn at 



small expense. 



Food should be carried into the stable on carriers suspended 

 from the ceiling, and manure should be removed in similar man- 



