Vlll CONTENTS. 



Page 



Sect. 9. THE ESSENTIAL ORGANS OF FLOWERS 118 



The Androscium 119 



The Gyncecium 127 



Sect. 10. PRODUCTS OF THE ESSENTIAL ORGANS OF FLOWERS 136 



The Ovule 136 



The Fruit 139 



The Seed . . 152 



PAKT II. 

 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY. 



CHAPTER 1. 



PRINCIPLES OF CLASSIFICATION 158 



Sect. 1. SPECIES AND GENERA 158 



Sect. 2. NOMENCLATURE 164 



Sect. 3. DESCRIPTION OF PLANTS . 170 



CHAPTER II. 



SYSTEMS OF CLASSIFICATION 180 



Sect. 1. ARTIFICIAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS 180 



The Linncean System , , 181 



Sect. 2. NATURAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS 182 



The Jutsieuan System 185 



DeCandolle's System 186 



JSndlicher's System 186 



Brongniart's System , 187 



Lindley's System 187 



Bentham and Hooker's System , 187 



Broun and Hanstein's System 188 



Sachs 1 System (Cryptoganria only) 189 



CarueVs System 190 



adopted in this Work 192 



