2O2 



ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY 



FIG. 317. The dark-sided cutworm 

 (Agrotis messoria) 



(After Riley) 



species of moths of this family, be- 

 longing to several genera. The 

 army-worm (Leucania unipunctd] 

 is another caterpillar which, or- 

 dinarily feeds unnoticed on rank 

 grasses, but occasionally becomes 

 very numerous and advances in 

 armies, destroying all crops in its 

 line of march. The fall army-worm 

 (Laphygma fntgiperda] has very 

 similar habits, but is more common 

 in the South and West. Two 

 of the most serious cotton pests are 

 the leaf worm (Aletia argillacid) 

 and the bollworm (Heliothis obso- 

 leta), although the latter also attacks the ears of corn, tobacco, and 

 green tomatoes throughout the Middle States. A common pest of 



cabbage and lettuce is 

 the cabbage looper (Au- 

 tographa bras sic ae], a 

 bright green worm with 

 whitish lines, which 

 bores into cabbages 

 much like the common 

 caterpillars of the cab- 

 bage butterfly. It is 

 known as a looper on 

 account of the way in 

 which it "humps" 

 along, much like a 

 measuring worm, be- 

 cause two pairs of 

 the usual abdominal 



prolegs are lacking. 

 FIG. T. 1 8. The cabbage looper , r , , 



Some of the larger 



a, male moth ; , egg shown from above and from side ; r j_i_ r *i 



c, full-grown larva in natural position, feeding ; d, pupa in SpCClCS OI tulS lamily, 



cocoon. , c, d, one third larger than natural size ; l>, more with a Wing expanse 



enlarged. (After Howard and Chittenden, United States , , 



Department of Agriculture) of from tWO to three 



