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ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY 



The tachina-flies are among our most beneficial insects, their white 

 eggs being commonly found on the necks of caterpillars and 



grasshoppers, the flies 

 appearing in large num- 

 bers whenever there is 

 an outbreak of such 

 caterpillars as the army- 

 worm. 



Root-maggot flies 

 (Anthomyiidae) are an- 

 other group of trouble- 

 some flies belonging to 

 this series, many of whose 

 larvae are serious pests 

 of the roots of vegeta- 

 bles. The flies somewhat 

 resemble house-flies, but 

 are smaller and slighter 

 in build. The cabbage- 

 maggot and onion-maggot are well-known examples of these inju- 

 rious larvae, and wherever small flies are seen hovering around 

 these or other root crops, such as radishes, turnips, beets, etc., 



FIG. 378. The cabbage-maggot. (Enlarged) 



<z, larva ; t>, pupa ; c, adult ; d, head ; , antenna. 

 (After Riley) 



FIG. 379. The apple-maggot 



a, adult ; , larva, or maggot ; c, funnel of spiracle on head ; d, puparium ; *?, portion of 



apple showing injury by maggots, (a, b, d, enlarged ; e, reduced.) (After Quaintance, United 



States Department of Agriculture) 



