HYMENOPTERA 



271 



fl"i, F HP 



FIG. 432. Bumble-bees 



a, worker; l>, queen, or fertile female. (After Jordan 

 and Kellogg) 



grown, make strong, brown, silken cocoons, in which they change 



to pupae. These cocoons are strengthened with wax by the queens, 



and are used for storing 

 honey, after the young 

 emerge. The first broods 

 are all workers, and af- 

 ter their appearance the 

 queen has nothing more 

 to do but lay her eggs. 

 Later in the season the 

 males and other queens 

 appear, all living together 

 in the same nest. In the 

 fall the young queens 

 crawl away to a suitable 

 hibernating place, and in 



the spring start new colonies, in the manner previously described. 

 Honey-bees. Probably no other insect is of quite as much human 



interest as the honey-bee. Apiculture is a well-developed art, its 



literature is extensive, and its devotees have well-organized associ- 

 ations. The honey-bee was 



brought from Europe by 



the early settlers of this 



country, and swarms have 



escaped, which have become 



the wild bees now found in 



hollow trees. There are 



three forms in every hive, 

 - the queen, the drones, or 



males, and the workers, 



which are imperfectly devel- FlG- 433 . The honey-bee (Apis meiiifica) 



Oped females. The Workers ^ queen ; B, drone; C, worker. (After Kellogg) 



are the common forms with 



which we are familiar, and which do all the work of the colony. The 

 drones are larger than the workers, are reared in larger cells, and are 

 blunter and broader in shape. They are relatively few in number, 

 and occur only in the early summer, during the swarming season, 

 after which they are expelled from the nest or killed by the workers. 



