CONTROLLING INSECT PESTS 417 



thoroughly mix the kerosene and soapsuds until a thick emul- 

 sion is formed which will set on cooling. When needed mix one 

 part of this emulsion with twelve parts of water and spray 

 over the insects. 



The distillate-oil emulsion can only be made satisfactorily 

 with a power sprayer. The proportions are: distillate oil 20 

 gallons, fish oil or whale-oil soap 30 pounds, hot water 12 

 gallons. Five and one-half gallons of the emulsion should be 

 used to each 100 gallons of water when spraying for such in- 

 sects as thrips. About a pint of strong tobacco extract 

 added to each 200 gallons of diluted distillate oil emulsion 

 adds much to its efficiency as a spray for thrips. 



There are several miscible oils on the market under various 

 trade names. These are convenient to use because they readily 

 mix with water. The proportions to use for the winter and 

 summer sprayings are generally indicated on the package 

 containing the oils. 



Resin sprays are still used in some regions, particularly for 

 white-flies on citrus trees. The following formula has proved 

 satisfactory: resin 20 pounds, caustic soda, pulverized, 7 

 pounds, fish oil 3 1/2 pints. Boil together in a little water and 

 finally add enough water to make 100 gallons. 



A carbolic acid emulsion, made by adding i gallon of crude 

 carbolic acid to eight pounds of whale-oil soap that has been 

 dissolved by boiling in eight gallons of water, makes a good 

 stock solution for sprays for aphis, mealy-bugs and other soft- 

 bodied insects. For use add twenty gallons of water to every 

 gallon of the emulsion. 



Whale-oil soap or common laundry soap are often used for 

 spraying for aphids or other soft-bodied insects. 



Tobbacco extracts and nicotine solutions are sometimes very 

 efficient when used by themselves or in connection with some 

 other material. 



There are several mixtures that are used for dipping animals 

 infected with ticks or mites. Sulphur-lime, crude oil, white 

 arsenic, tobacco and other substances are used for this purpose. 

 As the use of most of these is attended with more or less danger 

 unless properly done the detailed directions given in some of 

 27 



