INSECTS INJURIOUS TO ORCHARD TREES 423 



greenish lines or bands and often by minute golden spots on 

 the outer margin. The hind wings are grayish, and darker 

 toward the outer margin. The codling-moths fly at dusk and 

 usually lay their eggs on the leaves. The larvae may feed on 

 the tender leaves for a short time, but they soon make their 

 way to the calyx, or blossom, end of the forming fruit and enter 

 there. A few may enter at the stem end or in the sides of 

 the fruit. For the next three or four weeks they burrow 

 and feed in the apple, usually around the core, and, finally, 

 having attained their full growth, bore their way out and drop 



FIG. 196. Codling-moth, Cydia pomonella. (Twice natural size.) 



to the ground and hide themselves under pieces of rough bark 

 or other rubbish where they form a thin cocoon. In some 

 regions there is only a single generation each year, but in 

 most regions there are two and in some places three and even 

 part of a fourth. 



If all the larvae that hide themselves away in the fall were to 

 live through the winter the insect would be a much more serious 

 pest than it is. Fortunately a large proportion of them is 

 destroyed by the birds during the winter. Many apples are 

 carried into the store houses before the worms have issued 

 from them, and when these leave the apples they hide away 

 in protected places, and the moths that issue the next spring 

 will fly back to the orchards unless the store rooms are care- 

 fully screened so that they cannot escape. In many places 



