INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FOREST TREES 507 



trained forest rangers and caretakers than by the usual 

 methods of the economic entomologist. 



The few insects described in the following paragraphs are 

 perhaps the most important of the commoner pests of shade 

 trees, but there are many others of similar habits which may be 

 found by keen-eyed and persevering students. The remedies 

 for these others will be of the same general nature as those 

 recommended for the insects described, although modifications 

 of them may need to be made to fit particular cases. 



Government and state bulletins will give further and more 

 detailed information about the pests briefly described here and 

 also about others likely to be found on the trees. 



The Gipsy-moth (Porthetriadispar). One of the very worst 

 of the many shade tree and woodland pests is the gipsy-moth, 



FIG. 238. Gipsy-moth, Porthetria dispar, adult female. (About 1/4 

 larger than natural size.) 



which was introduced into this country from Europe about 

 1868. Fortunately it spreads slowly and as yet occurs only in 

 the New England states. The federal government and the 

 states concerned are now spending more than a million dollars 

 a year in trying to control this pest. But in spite of all their 

 efforts the insect is gradually widening the boundaries of the 

 infested areas, and other localities may in time suffer from its 



ravages. 



The brownish-yellow, slender-bodied, male moth flies readily, 

 but fortunately the large, sluggish female cannot fly, although 



