THE IDENTIFICATION OF PLANTS 105 



from the root) (2) and cauline (springing 

 from the stems) (3). You can see (at 4) how 

 the flowers are arranged on the stems and that 

 each has a separate stalk of its own (5). Cut 

 off. one of these flowers and examine it sep- 

 arately, both with the naked eye and through 

 the magnifying-glass (6 and 7). Its four 

 sepals must be removed by the thumb and 

 knife-blade. You will see that two of these 

 sepals are pouched at the base (8) . The long 

 "claws" of the petals (or stalked portions) are 

 now left unprotected (9), and if pressed open 

 on a sheet of paper their crucif er arrangement 

 is very distinct (10). The four petals are re- 

 moved next. A single one is shown at 11, A 

 being the limb and B the claw. The remain- 

 ing group of six stamens and the pistil is given 

 at 12, and you will notice that four of the sta- 

 mens are of equal length and that two are 

 shorter. Remove these and examine each un- 

 der the glass (13). You have now nothing 

 but the pistil left (14), consisting of the 

 stigma, A, style, B, and ovary, C. 



After examining a plant in this way you will 

 know it thoroughly. You will be far less 



