yi. ANIMAL TRAINING AND INTELLIGENCE 165 



what it is to feel a sense of help needed or of 

 favors received. It is perfectly natural, therefore, 

 that almost all trainers should agree that kindness 

 (beyond ordinary fair treatment) is wasted upon 

 them. "A tigress," said one of Barnum's tamers, 

 " is as likely to eat you up after six years of atten- 

 tion on her as after six days, if she thinks she is 

 safe in doing so. You must depend on fear- 

 absolute fear alone. Let the beasts know that 

 you can and will beat them when they deserve it, 

 and they will not hurt you." 



The celebrated Bidel once tripped and fell in 

 the cage of a lion with whom he had been work- 

 ing for years, whereupon the brute pounced upon 

 him with scarcely a second's hesitation. 



Nevertheless, here, as elsewhere, there are ex- 

 ceptions. European newspapers a few years ago 

 told the story of a German woman who was in 

 the habit of performing with a lion said to be 

 very fond of her. On one occasion, as often 

 before, she placed her head within his jaws, and 

 it was thought her hair tickled him, thus causing 

 him intuitively to close his mouth. So was the 

 poor woman killed. When the lion saw what he 

 had done, down he lay by the body, and refusing 

 to allow it to be removed, declined food, and in 

 three days pined away and died. The story may 

 be true, and if so, records one case against a 

 thousand. 



Nerve that is the great secret of the lion- 



