96 



IMPLEME.VTS. 



Small shoots are removed by the hooked pait, show, in fig. 50 

 The hudding-knijey fig. 51, should have a broad, fiat blade 



the edge of which is to be 



rounded outwards, for the 

 more read}^ incision of the 

 Pi^ 5i_ bark. The thin ivory blade 



or haft at the extremity of 

 the handle, as the budding-knife is commonly made, may 

 be dispensed with in nearly all cases, the bud when set m, 

 Wfting the bark as it slides downwards, more perfectly than 

 by any other mode, after the corners of the bark are' lifted 

 vvith the point of the blade. 



The gtaf ting-tool (fig. 52) is useful in cleft-grafting 



\ ^^ ^^^^^^ x large apple trees. It 



IL V3i ^ ^^y ^® made of iron, 



' ^ the edige set with steel 



Fig. 52. It is used for splitting 



the stock, after it is sawed ofTand pared. The part a should 



be two inches broad with a sharp edge, which should curve 



inwards, that the bark, in splitting, may be cut fir^t, to give 



it a smooth fiat face. The wedge b opens the stock to 



receive the graft. By the hook c it is hung on a twig 



close at hand, when not in use. Grafting wedges for common 



use, may be made by grinding down large cut nails. 



The grafting -shears^ a recent invention, have effected a 

 great improvement in cleft-grafting, rendering the work 

 much more expeditious and perfect. They consist of a 



short thin blade oJ 

 the best steel, a, fig. 

 53, two or three 

 inches long, set at 

 an angle of about a 

 hundred and twenty 

 degrees with the 

 handle Z>, which 

 moves it against ? 

 The anfjle wjiicn the 



sawi?ig 



motion to the knife, which renders it more ef^Jr/e. It 

 may be used on slocks an inch or an inch and lOKilf in 

 diameter. Pressing the top of th? stock from the operator 

 with one hand, it is cut off with remarkable ease by a single 



Fig. 53. 



concave bed in the wooden piece, c. 



olade and its bed form with the handles, impa 



