246 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. 



B. 4. Malanau. 



5. Miri. 



6. Dali. 



7. Narom. 



8. Sigalang ] /^Q^n-rlver tribes of Ukit stock). 



9. biduan ) ^ ^ 



10. Tutong. 



11. Balait. 



12. Bekiau (traces of a former practice of tatu 



occasionally found). 



13. Bisaya. 



14. Kadayans. 



The patterns once employed by the tribes included in 

 the second section of this list, most of which have adopted 

 Malay dress and to some extent Malay customs, are lost 

 beyond recall. The Land Dayaks display absolute 

 ignorance of tatu, and aver that they never indulged in 

 the practice. Maloh and Punan men ornamented with 

 Kayan tatu designs we have often encountered ; but they 

 have no designs of their own, and attach no special 

 significance to their borrowed designs.^ 



We may note here that the ornamentation of the body 

 by means of raised scars and keloids is not known in 

 Borneo. Both men and women of several tribes will test 

 their bravery and indifference to pain by setting fire to a 

 row of small pieces of tinder placed along the forearm, and 

 the scars caused by these burns are often permanent, but 

 should not be mistaken for decorative designs. Carl Bock 

 (2, PI. 1 6) 2 figures some Punan women with rows of 

 keloids on the forearms, but states (p. 71) that these are 

 due to a form of vaccination practised by these people. 



The Kayans are, with one or two exceptions, the most 

 tatued race in Borneo, and perhaps the best tatued from an 

 artistic point of view ; the designs used in the tatu of the 

 men have been widely imitated, and much ceremonial is 

 connected with the tatu of the women, an account of which 

 we give below. Generally speaking, the true Klemantan 

 designs are quite simple, and it is noteworthy that 

 although theKenyah tribes most nearly akin to Kayans have 



^ Nieuwenhuis also notes (9, p. 451) that men in the course of their travels 

 amongst other tribes permit themselves to be tatued with the patterns in vogue 

 with their hosts. 



^ These figures refer- to the bibliography printed at the end of this chapter, 

 vol. i., p. 280. 



