250 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. 



probable that the rosette is derived from the eye in the 

 dog pattern, and it is consequently of some interest to find 

 that the name now given to the rosette pattern is that of 

 the fruit of a plant which was introduced into Borneo 

 certainly within the last fifty or sixty years. The plant is 

 Plukenetia corniculata^ one of the Euphorbiaceae, and it is 

 cultivated as a vegetable ; its Kayan name is jalaut. We 

 have here a good example of the gradual degradation of a 

 design leading to a loss of its original significance and even 

 of its name, another name, which originated probably from 

 some fancied resemblance between pattern and object, 

 being applied at a subsequent date. Ipa olim, i.e., open 

 fruit of a species of Mangifera, is another name occasion- 

 ally applied to the rosette pattern, but jalaut is in more 



Fig. 63. Fig. 64. 



general use (cf PL 140, Fig. 4, PI. 141, Fig. 7, and PI. 142, 

 Fig. 9). 



On PI. 141, Fig. I, is shown a hand tatued in the 

 Kayan manner ; the figures on the phalanges are known 

 as tegulun} representations of human figures or as silongy 

 faces, and they are evidently anthropomorphic derivatives. 

 The triangles on the carpal knuckles are termed song 

 irang, shoots of bamboo, and the zig-zag lines are ikor^ 

 lines. 



^ In ancient days when a great Kayan or Klemantan chief built a new 

 house, the first post of it was driven through the body of a slave ; this sacrifice 

 to a tutelary deity is no longer offered, but a human figure is frequently carved 

 on the post of a house and may be a relic of the old custom ; the figure is 

 called tegulun. Sea Dayak anthropomorphs are termed engkramba and 

 appear in cloths and bead-work designs, also in carvings on boundary marks, 

 witch-doctor's baskets, etc. 



