256 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. 



termed beliling bulan or full moons ; a triangle (b) each, 

 limb formed by several parallel lines, dulang harok, the 

 bows of a boat ; spirals (cc) ulu tinggang, the head of the 

 hornbill. On the supinator surface beliling bulan and ulu 

 tinggang occur again, but instead of dulang harok, there are 

 two other elements, a bold transverse zigzag known as 

 daun wi (d), rattan leaves, and at the proximal end of the 

 pattern an interlacing design, tushun tuva (e), bundles of 

 tuba root {Derris ellipticd). The fingers are very simply 

 tatued with a zigzag on the carpal knuckles and transverse 

 lines across the joints ; the thumb is decorated in a slightly 

 different way. In Dr. Nieuwenhuis' designs cited above, 

 we find much the same elements ; in one of them the 

 beliling bulan are more numerous and more closely set 

 together, so that the concentric circles of one set have run 

 into those of the next adjoining ; the tushun tuva pattern 

 is termed poesoeng, evidently the same as tushun ; the 

 spirals are much degraded in one example and are called 

 krowit, or hooks, whilst in the more elaborate example 

 they are known as manok wak, or eyes of the Scops owl ; 

 the pedjako pattern is an addition, but the meaning of the 

 word is not known ; the pattern on the fingers is much 

 more complex than in the Uma Pliau example, and is 

 perhaps a degraded hornbill design. 



Nieuwenhuis [8, PI. XXIV.] figures the hand of a 

 low-class woman tatued with triangular and quadrangular 

 blotches, and with some rude designs that appear to have 

 been worked in free-hand. 



On PI. 140, Fig. I, is shown the design on the forearm 

 of a high-class woman of the Uma Lekan Kayans of the 

 Batang Kayan river, Dutch Borneo ; in our opinion these 

 elegant designs are quite in the front rank of the tatu 

 designs of the world. In spite of the elaboration, it is 

 quite possible to distinguish in these the same elements 

 as in the Uma Pliau specimen, viz. : beliling bulan ulu 

 tinggang daun wi and tushun tuva ; but the dulang harok 

 is absent, and the silong or face pattern appears. 



Nieuwenhuis [9, PI. 93, b] figures the arm-tatu (supi- 

 nator surface only) of a Kayan woman of the Blu-u river, 

 a tributary of the Upper Mahakkam ; the main design 

 is evidently a hornbill derivative, the knuckles are tatued 

 with quadrangular and rectangular blotches. The horn- 

 bill plays an important part in the decorative art of the 

 Long Glat, a Klemantan tribe of the Mahakkam river, 



