40 IMASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 



results when propagated in outdoor frames. The Biota forms root 

 readily from this method of treatment. 



III. Grafting of Conifers. 



(a) Greenhouse Grafting. 

 (b) Outdoor Grafting. 



The propagation of conifers by grafting in the greenhouse is 

 without doubt the most interesting mode of culture practiced by 

 the propagator, and good results are always obtained when the 

 necessary operations are carefully and skilfully performed. 



In greenhouse grafting the work is carried on in the greenhouse 

 throughout the winter and early spring. The reason why the 

 propagation of conifers from greenhouse grafting is so uniformly 

 successful is due to the fact that the operations are performed inside 

 the greenhouse where all conditions are under control of the propa- 

 gator. 



The grafting of conifers as means of propagation is only used with 

 varieties which propagate poorly or not at all from seed or cuttings. 

 Some varieties of Juniperus Virginiana, such as Juniperus Glauca, 

 Juniperus Schotti, Juniperus Counarti, and Juniperus Elegantis- 

 sima, together with most of the garden forms of Pines, Spruces, 

 and Firs, form a list of the varieties grafted. 



The necessary equipment consists of a greenhouse with the 

 benches built up on both sides to a height of twelve inches. Over 

 the top of the bench a close fitting glass sash is placed. This gives 

 a closed box or grafting bench, twelve inches deep, covered with 

 glass sash on top. Heat is supplied from pipes beneath the benches. 



Understocks for Grafting. After the greenhouse with its benches 

 has been properly arranged for taking care of the grafts, the next 

 important detail is a supply of seedlings to pot for use as understocks 

 in grafting. The required quantity of understocks grown in pots 

 is necessary before any grafting can take place, and these seedlings 

 used for understocks are usually potted several months in advance 

 so they may become established in the pots, therefore plans must 

 be made and stock secured in ample time. All Juniper varieties 

 are commonly grafted on Red Cedar seedlings. For the Thuya 



