STATE POMOL'^GICAL SOCILTT. 117 



Duchess of Oldenburge, Earlj' Harvest, Gravenstein, King Sweet, 

 Orange Sweet, Red Astrachan, Somerset, Williams Favorite, Alex- 

 ander, Porter, Harvey Greening, Twenty Ounce, Pound Sweet, 

 Spitzenburg, Golden Russet, Granite Beauty, Hunt Russet, Rolfe 

 Starkey, Stark, Milding, President. 



In the fruit growing sections of the State nearly all varieties of 

 apples are successfully raised, though some varieties do not thrive 

 as well as^others. It is also true that in no part of the country are 

 better^Gravensteins, King Tompkins and Harvey Greenings pro- 

 duced. The same may be said of several of the earlier varieties, 

 particularly the Williams Favorite. 



The Baldwin has been the most profitable apple when it can be 

 raised successfulh'. The objections to it made by fruit growers are : 

 The tree is not hardy enough to endure our severest winters ; the 

 codling moth attacks the fruit badly ; in recent years the apple 

 scal^ has injured the fruit. Since receiving the reports from fruit 

 growers the committee have learned of neighborhoods where thou- 

 sands of barrelsjof the last (1888) year's crop were ruined b}' the 

 apple scab. 



For general culture for market the majority of the reports favored 

 the Baldwin as the best variety to set, though many other kinds were 

 recommended. Many trees were set the past season (1888) and 

 fruit growers generally advocated setting more trees, while a few, 

 seeming to realize fully the situation at the present time, recom- 

 mended raising better apples. 



During 1888 insects were not very troublesome, and though 

 recommended by fruit growers in other States, as 3'et few have made 

 use of Paris green or London purple for the destruction of the cod- 

 ling moth. 



It is much to be regretted that the apple maggot (Tnjpeta pomo- 

 nella. is injuring much of our earlier fruit, and to some extent the 

 winter varieties. Its ravages, however, though extending over a 

 large part of the State, seem to be confined mainly to sheltered 

 areas, and have not 3'et generally injured the fruit grown in the 

 larger orchards. As yet little is really known of the habits of this 

 troublesome pest. Entomologists in various parts of the country are 

 studying the insect. Prof. Harvey of the State College has learned 

 many of the habits of the insect during the past year, and it is 

 hoped remedies ma}' soon be found that will enable the fruit grower 

 to protect his fruit from its ravages. 



