RIGHTEENTH AX N UAL MEETIXG. 6 1 



spra}- all trees or shrubs that are infested with pests, or in 

 the case of a plant disease, spray those that are liable to be- 

 come diseased within a certain period. However, it is not 

 necessary to spray for insects that are not present or not sure 

 to come, and not desirable for the orchardist to go to the 

 expense and trouble of spraying- to prevent such pests as the 

 San Jose Scale, if he doesn't have them on his trees. There 

 is no protit nor advantage gained by spraying apple and pear 

 trees during the dormant season, if no scale insects be pres- 

 ent, but it would be well to spray peach and plum trees with 

 the lime-sulphur wash, the same as for San Jose Scale, 

 whether this pest is present or not, for the reason that the 

 lime-sulphur wash is a preventive of the Peach Leaf Curl, 

 and destroys certain other disease germs and insects, as well 

 as the Scale. For San Jose Scale even slightly infested trees 

 should be sprayed, and all trees near one that is infested 

 should receive treatment. It will not do to pick out a badly 

 infested tree here and there in an orchard and treat it. and 

 let the others remain. Ornamental shrubbery of certain 

 kinds, such as Japan Quince, Purple Plum, and some others 

 of the botanical family Rosacese should be sprayed, as well 

 as should the Osage Orange hedge and others liable to serious 

 injury by San Jose Scale, provided, of course, that this pest 

 is present. 



When to Spray. The time to spray depends upon the 

 nature of the pest for which the application is to be made. 

 Fundamentally, we spray with a fungicide just before the 

 time when the fungous diseases would appear, and find that 

 it is more effective than to wait until after the evidences of 

 the diseases are to be seen. With insecticides we spray as 

 soon as the pests are present, but (with the exception of the 

 Codling Moth) not before. For the San Jose Scale we must 

 spray when the trees are dormant, as no material will kill 

 the Scale without injuring the leaves, buds or fruit if applied 

 when in foliage. However, we have found that early winter 

 spraying is as good as early spring spraying for this pest, and 

 the work can well be done in the late fall, or at any time 

 during the winter, when the ground is hard and the weather 



