200 THE CONNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



a wide range of conditions. One of such nozzles on the end 

 of an extension rod is Hght and convenient to handle, and 

 will throw a spray large enough for most purposes. The size 

 of the spray, or the amount of material discharged, may be 

 increased, without seriously affecting the fineness of the spray, 

 bv using a larger opening and additional pressure. Nozzles of 

 the Vermorel type, on the other hand, are not suited to or- 

 chard spraying when used singly, and w4ien used in clusters 

 are too heavy, and are somewhat difficult to operate among 

 the branches. Again, when two or more sprays come in con- 

 tact, they tend to dribble, causing a waste of some of the so- 

 lution and more or less annoyance to the operator. 



Strainers. To prevent the clogging of nozzles, all spray 

 mixtures should be strained into the tank. Brass wire cloth 

 of about twenty meshes to the inch is probably best for this 

 purpose. Strainers are usually made in the form of a funnel, 

 and some have a raised center, giving more straining surface. 

 A strainer should also be attached to the end of the suction 

 pipe. 



Various devices called separators and nozzle protectors 

 have recently been put on the market. One of these consists 

 simply of a brass cup separated into two chambers by a disc 

 of wire cloth through which the spray liquid must pass before 

 entering the hose. All sediment is thus collected in the lower 

 half of the cup and may be removed at any time through an 

 opening for the purpose. The writer has not used any of 

 these devices, but is of the opinion that they may be of ser- 

 vice in preventing the clogging of nozzles, especially with field 

 crop sprayers, where many nozzles are in use. 



Kinds of Outfits. 

 Bucket Outfits. As the name implies, such an outfit 

 consists simply of a force pump and a bucket. The bucket 

 usually holds from five to ten gallons. The later outfits of 

 this kind have the pumps attached, which is a great improve- 

 ment over the old method of holding the pump in place with 

 the foot. Bucket outfits are useful for greenhouse work or 



