204 THE COXNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



tatoes. beans, cabbages, asparagus and the like, but are unsuit- 

 ed to orchard spraying because of the inabihty to maintain 

 the pressure after the rig stops. With small fruits, nursery 

 stock, grape vines and young orchards they have been success- 

 fully used. Some outfits have their nozzles adjusted in such 

 a way as to direct the spray beneath the plant. This is a great 

 advantage in spraying for diseases like potato blight. The 

 most common error in the use of these outfits consists in the 

 use of too many nozzles. Three or four nozzles with abun- 

 dant pressure are often more serviceable than twice the num- 

 ber with insufficient pressure. Outfits to be drawn with one 

 horse should be equipped with a tank containing not more 

 than fifty gallons and with not more than four nozzles. For 

 large areas a two-horse outfit equipped with a hundred-gallon 

 tank and six or eight nozzles, is recommended. Such out- 

 fits should be geared higher than the one-horse outfits, so as 

 to produce power enough to supply the additional nozzles. If 

 it becomes necessary to use more than eight nozzles, a tank 

 outfit equipped with a gasolene engine should be employed. 



A fruit-spraying outfit consisting of a powerful double- 

 acting or double-cylinder hand pump and a 50 to 200 gallon 

 tank on an ordinary wagon, with wide tires, may be employed 

 effectively for spraying field crops by attaching the necessary 

 piping to the rear of the wagon and connecting it to the pump 

 with a hose. A strong man may produce pressure enough 

 for from four to six nozzles. Nozzles of the Friend type are 

 most suitable for field-crop outfits, for the reason that they 

 are less liable to clog. 



Emulsion Pumps. These are contrivances for the pur- 

 pose of applying oil and water simultaneousl}' and in definite 

 proportions. The proportions cannot be definitely regulated, 

 however, and for this reason such outfits are not reliable. 



Dust Sprayers. There are many contrivances on the 

 market for applying insecticides and fungicides to plants in 

 powder form. Their use is not recommended except in sec- 

 tions where water is unavailable. 



