68 



NA TURE 



[December 14, 1899 



nitrate and of sodium nitrate with silver nitrate," and made a 

 communication on the subject. He also read a paper on the 

 nature of inactive carvoxime. — Prof. Behrens read a paper on 

 Isomorphous compounds of gold and mercury. The following 

 communications were presented for insertion in the Proceed- 

 ings : by Prof. Kamerlingh Onnes, on behalf of Dr. E. van 

 Everdingen, jun., a paper on the Hall effect and the increase 

 of magnetic resistance in bismuth at very low temperatures; 

 by Prof. Van der Waals, a paper of Dr. G. Bakker, entitled 

 * ' Observations on Van der Waals' molecular potential function " ; 

 by Dr. J. P. Van der Slok, a paper on tidal constants in the 

 Lampong and Sabargbay ; by Prof. Jan de Vries, a paper by 

 Prof. L. Gegenbauer of Vienna, entitled " Neue Siilze iiber die 

 Wurzeln der Functionen C {x). 



GOTTINGEN. 



Royal Society of Sciences. — The Nachrichten (Mathe- 

 matico-physical Section), Part 2, contains the following memoirs 

 contributed to the Society : — 



March 11. — Eduard Riecke : Free electricity on the surface 

 of Crookes" tubes. 



May 6.— H. T. Simon : The law of action of the Wehnelt 

 interruptor ; and on rapid spark-discharges. 



May 13. — O. Wallach : Researches (vii. ) from the University 

 Chemical Laboratory. (i) On substituted cyanamides and 

 thiocarbamides. (2) On phenyl- and tolyl-butyric acid. (3) 

 Conversion of pentacyclic into azotised hexacyclic compounds. 

 (4) On mixed diazoamido-compounds. — H Liebmann : Proof 

 of two theorems on the determination of "ovaloids" by the 

 measure of curvature or the mean curvature for all normal 

 directions. 



June 24. — J. Orth : Researches from the Gottingen Patho- 

 logical Institute. 



July 22. — Eduard Riecke : On the pressure within certain 

 radiometers. — A Schonflies : On the distribution of stationary 

 and non-stationary points in certain functions of a real variable. — 

 E. Wiechert : Seismometric observations in the Gottingen 

 Geophysical Institute. 



August 13. — O Wallach : Researches (viii. ) from the Uni- 

 versity Chemical Laboratory, (i) On the oxidation of pinene. 

 (2) On compounds of the fenchone-series. (3) Condensation 

 products from hydro- rubeane, aldehydes and secondary bases. 



August 28.— C. Hartlaub : Preliminary communication on 

 the genera Margelopsis and Nemopsis. 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDAY, December 14. 

 Royal Society, at 4.30. — The Piscian Stars : Sir Norman Lockyer": 

 K.C.B., F.R.S. On the Origin of certain Unknown Lines in the Spectra 

 of Stars of the /3 Crucis Type, and on the Spectrum of Silicon : Joseph 

 ILunt.— A Note on the Electrical Resistivity of Electrolytic Nickel : 

 Prof. J. A. Fleming, F.R.S. — Investigations on Platinum Thermometry 

 at Kew Observatory: Dr. C. Chree, F.R.S. — Observations on the 

 Morphology of the Blastomycetes found in Carcinomata : Dr. K. W 

 Monsarrat. 

 Society of Arts, at 4.30. — Roundabout theAndamans and Nicobars ' 



Colonel R. C Temple. 

 JMathematical Society, at 8. — Sums of Greatest Integers: G. B. 

 Mathews, F.R.S— Note on Circular Cubics : A. B. Basset, F.R.S.— 

 Formulse involving Central Differences; and their Application to the 

 Calculation and Extension of Mathematical Tables : W. F. Sheppard. — 

 On the Expression of Spherical Harmonics as Fractional Differential 

 Coefficients: J. Rose-Innes. -The Genesis of the Double Gamma 

 Inunctions : E. W. Barnes. — The Theorem of Residuation, being a 

 •General Treatment of the Intersections of Plane Curves at Multiple 

 Points : Dr. F. S. Macaulay. 

 Institution of Electrical Engineers, at 8. — Discussion on Mr. 

 Crompton's and Mr. John Hollow.-iy's Papers. — Electrical Time Service : 

 F. Hope-Jones. 



FRIDAY, December 15. 

 Epidemiological Society, at 8.30 — Precautions against Plague and 

 ! Chofleraat the Quarantine Station at El Tor : Dr. Armand Ruffer.— The 

 Uehaviour of Plague at Oporto : Dr. Arthur Shad well. —The Control of 

 Plague in India by the Medical Inspection of Railway Passengers : Dr. 

 Spencer Low. 

 Instiitutjon of Civil Engineers, at 8. — On Sludge : Blarney Stevens. 



MONDAY, December 18. 

 TRoyal Statistical Society, at 5.30 — Some Notes on Makeham's 

 Formula for the Force of Mortality : H. P. Calderon. 

 TUESDAY, December 19. 

 Zoological Society, at 8.30.— General Remarks on the Mammal-fauna 

 of South Africa: W. L. Sclater.— Contributions to the Osteology of 

 Birds. Part IV. Pygopodes : W. P. Pycraft.— On the Myology of the 

 Edentata, Part II. : B. C. A. Windle and F. G. Parsons. 



Institution of Civil Engineers, at 8. — Paper to be further discussed : 



Combined Refuse-destructors and Power-plants; C. Newton Russell. 



Papers to be read, time permitting: The Purification of Water after its 

 Use in Manufactories : Reginald A. Tatton. — Experiments on the Puri- 

 fication of Waste-Water from Factories: W. O. E. Meade-King. 



Royal Statistccal Society, at 5. — Some Statistics relating to Working- 

 Class Progress since i860 : G. H. Wood. 



Royal P'riroGRAPHic Society, at 8. — Negatives for Three-colour 

 Work : Captain W. de W. Abney, C.B., F.R.S. 



WEDNESDAY, December 20. 



Society of Arts, at 8. — Bi-Manual Training by Blackboard Drawing: H. 

 Bloomfield Bare. 



Geological Society at 8. — On some Effects of Earth-Movements in the 

 Carboniferous Volcanic Rocks of the Isle of Man : G. W. Laraplugh. — 

 The Zonal Classification of the Wenlock Shales of the Welsh Border- 

 land : Miss G. L. Elles.— On an Intrusion of Diabase into Permo- 

 Carboniferous Rocks at Frederick Henry Bay (Tasmania) : T. Stephens. 



Royal .Meteorological Society, at 7.30.— The Climatic Conditions 

 necessary for the Propagation and Spread of Plague : Baldwin Latham. 

 — Note on a Remarkable Dust Haze experienced at Teneriffe, Canary 

 Islands. February, 1898: Dr. Robert H. Scott, F.R.S. 



Royal Microscopical Society, at 8. — A Review of Photo-micrography, 

 and its Different Methods : Edmund J. Spitta. 



THURSDAY, December 21. 



LiNNEAN Society, at 8. — The Air bladder and its Connection with the 

 Auditory Organ in the Notopteridse : Prof Thos. W. Bridge. — On some 

 New and Interesting Foraminifera from the Funafuti Atol, Ellice Islands : 

 F. Chapman. 



Chemical Society, at 8. — The Condensation of GlycoUic Aldehyde and 

 Formation of a and /3 Acrose : H. Jackson. — On Brasilin and Haemat- 

 o.xyIin, Part III. A. W. Gilbody and W. H. Perkin, jun.— The Action 

 of Alcoholic Potash on Monobromoglutaric Ester: N. E. Bowtell and 

 W. H. Perkin, jun.— (i) Mercurous Iodide ; (2) On the Interaction of 

 Mercurous Nitrite and Ethyl Iodide : Dr. P. C. Ray. 



CONTENTS. PAGE 



The History of Geology. By F. L. K 145 



The Flora of New Zealand. By W. Botting 

 Hemsley, F.R S 146 



By E. H. 



[48 



149 

 149 



149 



Encyclopaedia Biblica. 

 Our Book Shelf:— 



Davenport : " Statistical Methods ; with special refer- 

 ence to Biological Variation " 



Ribot: "Evolution of General Ideas."— H. W. B. . 

 Suter : " Handbook of Optics for Students of Ophthal- 

 mology" ; Percival : "Optics: a Manual for 



Students."— E. E 



Farmer : " A Practical Introduction to the Study of 



Botany; Flowering Plants" 150 



Hutchinson: "Primeval Scenes; being some Comic 



Aspects of Life in Prehistoric Times " 150 



" A Treatise on Surveying " 150 



Walsh: "The X-Ray Case Book, for Noting Appa- 

 ratus, Methods and Results " 150 



Letters to the Editor:— 



Proposals of the Stockholm Fisheries Conference.— 



H. M. Kyle . 151 



Supposed Daylight Leonids.— W. F. Denning , . 152 

 Birds Capturing Butterflies.-Howard Fox .... 152 

 Valve Motions of Engines. {With Diagrams.) By 



Prof. John Perry, F.R.S 152 



Insects as Carriers of Disease. By C. B. S. ... 153 



Ethnographical Museums 154 



Notes 155 



Our Astronomical Column: — 



Orbit of Fifth Satellite of Jupiter , 157 



NO. 1572, VOL. 6t] 



Partial Eclipse of the Moon, December 16 



Occultation of Neptune, December 16 



Meridian of Universal Time 



The Development of Ganglion-Cells and Nerves . 



The Utilty of Knowledge-making as a Means of 



Liberal Training, By Prof. J. G. Macgregor . . 



University and Educational Intelligence 164 



Societies and Academies 164 



Diary of Societies 168 



158 

 158 



158 



59 



