HORSE-POX 43 



ground has been contaminated with the infective material conveyed in 

 refuse from manufactories, or from a previous outbreak of the disease 

 among cattle or sheep. In any case the immediate removal of horses 

 from the place where the disease originated is an obvious precaution which 

 should be at once adopted. 



Anthrax is easily communicated to man by accidental inoculation 

 during post-mortem examination or while cutting up carcasses of animals 

 dead of the disease. It is on this account particularly desirable to note 

 that for the purpose of diagnosis a portion of the ear may be cut off and 

 the blood which flows from the cut surface may be used for microscopic 

 examination, cultivation of the organism on artificial media, or for test 

 inoculation, without any serious risk to the operator. 



Carcasses of animals which have died of anthrax should be burned 

 or buried uncut and covered with quick-lime. The anthrax bacillus, when 

 cut off in this way from contact with air, very quickly becomes inert. 



I 



HORSE-POX 



Veterinarians in this country do not generally recognize the existence 

 of small-pox in the horse. The disease is described by Continental 

 authorities as an eruption on the pasterns, the posterior surface of the joints 

 being chiefly affected. The skin becomes swollen and red, the inflammation 

 extends some distance up the limb, vesicles, or small blisters, followed 

 by pustules, appear and discharge a viscid fluid. A similar eruption 

 appears sometimes in the nose and lips, and also on the mucous membrane 

 of the mouth and nostrils. The disease is admitted to be very rare in 

 this country, and when it does occur it is most probable that it would 

 be mistaken for the disease of the pastern which is known as " grease". 

 Horse-pox is a benign affection, terminating in recovery without treatment 

 in a few weeks. 



Experimental and accidental inoculations are said to produce in man 

 an eruption similar to that following the introduction of the vaccine virus, 

 and it is asserted that the disease so conveyed protects the individual 

 from small-pox. 



GLOSS-ANTHRAX 



This is a form of anthrax in which the disease specially involves the 

 tongue, and, in a less degree, the tissues of the throat. It is not, how- 

 ever, to be confounded with septic glossitis, a malady in which the tongue 

 becomes considerably enlarged, as the result of excoriation and local poison- 

 ing by inoculation with septic organic matter. 



