242 HEALTH AND DISEASE 







Where both branches of the jaw are fractured Fleming recommends 

 that the space between them be completely filled up by a large firm 

 pad of tow impregnated with an adhesive mixture, then one bandage 

 after another (covered with the resinous mixture) applied around the jaw, 



Fig. 334. Tooth-Shears 



face, and nose. These, when the mixture has hardened, act as a cradle. 

 The animal may be allowed to drink thick, nutritious gruel out of a 

 wide shallow vessel, or the gruel may be injected into the mouth or 



Fig. 335. Tooth-Rasp 



rectum or both. The standing position (for the horse) must be maintained, 

 and attention be given to the retaining apparatus that it be riot dis- 

 placed nor cause abrasion. 



FRACTURE OF THE ANTERIOR MAXILLARY BONE 



The most common form of fracture of this bone is that in which it 

 becomes broken away from its fellow at their joining, and displaced either 

 to one side or in an upward or downward direction. Fracture through 

 the body or the nasal process may occur, but these forms are compara- 

 tively rare. 



Kicks, blows, and falls on the mouth are accountable for many cases 

 of this mishap, and in several instances the writer has seen the bone torn 

 from its fellow in the struggles to remove the incisor teeth from some con- 

 fined position, such as when fixed in an iron ring or between a hook and 

 the wall of the stable. 



Symptoms. Some distortion of the face on the side of the fracture, 

 in which the upper lip is either raised or depressed or drawn to one side, 

 is usually present when displacement takes place. There is some dis- 

 charge of saliva from the mouth for a while, and frequent movement of 

 the lips. 



When the body is broken across, the fragment containing the incisor 



