464 



HEALTH AND DISEASE 



Lead. As an external cooling and astringent lotion, lead, in the form 

 of diacetate, or Goulard's extract, has long been recognized as a useful 

 remedy by veterinarians. It is applied to ulcers, cracked heels, mallenders 

 and sallanders, and in olive or linseed oil it makes an efficacious lotion for 

 that eruption commonly known as "mud fever". It enters into several 

 lotions and ointments for the treatment of grease. With glycerine it 

 forms a glycerole of lead, and is applied in poultices and upon painful 

 surfaces. Goulard lotion diluted with distilled water is a favourite ap- 

 plication in the treatment of inflamed eyes. 



Internally administered lead is powerfully astringent, affecting the 

 mucous membrane lining the stomach and bowels. In cases of dysentery 

 it has a soothing and healing effect upon the abraded surfaces of the bowel, 

 arid is given in conjunction with opium to arrest haemorrhage in distant 

 organs, as the lungs, kidneys, and womb. 



It is readily taken up by all the tissues, and lead-poisoning is not 

 uncommon among animals in the neighbourhood of lead -mines. (See 

 Poisoning.) 



DRUGS WHICH ACT ON THE STOMACH AND DIGESTIVE 



SYSTEM 



All those organs concerned in digestion have need of consideration 

 in this chapter, the stomach, the intestines, the liver, pancreas, and glands 

 which are found in the intestinal walls. The effects of medicines of the 

 class here to be described cannot be limited to a single organ, but are due 

 to their action generally upon several parts of the complex system by which 

 digestion is effected. 



Remedies affecting the digestive system are divided into the following 

 classes : 



DRUGS WHICH ACT ON THE STOMACH 



Bitter Tonics 



Gentian, 



Calumba, 



Cascarilla, 



Angostura, 



Cardamoms, 



Chamomile Flowers, 

 Quassia, 

 Serpentary, 



Peruvian Bark and pre- 

 parations therefrom. 



Artificial Digestive Agents 



Pepsin, Hydrochloric Acid. 



Inglovin, 



Carminatives 



Camphor, 

 Cayenne, 

 Ginger, 

 Peppermint, 



Aniseed, 

 Asafoetida, 

 Carraways, 

 Fenugreek. 



Drugs which Soothe the Stomach 



Hydrocyanic Acid, Belladonna, 



Bismuth, Cocaine, 



Soda, Chloroform. 



