CONDITIONS BY TOWNSHIPS 87 



North of Kashagawigamog lake and Halibiirton river the summits are 

 from 200 to 400 feet higher than in the southern portion of the township ; 

 the valleys are deeper and the topography more rugged. The Hali- 

 burton river flows through a narrow valley about 300 feet below the 

 general level of the plateau. 



Rock and Soil. — A band of crystalline limestone about two miles 

 wide crosses the central portion of the township in an east and west 

 direction. On both sides of this the rock is gneissic granite, with many 

 amphibolite inclusions. The contact of the limestone with the granite 

 on the north is marked by the valley containing Kashagawigamog, 

 Grass and Head lakes, and Haliburton river. The soils on the 

 granite throughout are thin and stony, and are of little agricultural 

 value. Some good upland farm soils occur on the limestone south and 

 southwest of Haliburton village. 



Forest Conditions. — The forests of the township are prevailingly 

 of the hardwood type (57.1 per cent) of the area. They have been 

 depleted of their timber trees and, in some places, have been very severely 

 culled. The poplar type occupies the next largest area (24.6 per cent) ; 

 3.4 per cent of the area is mixed conifer and hardwood and 1.8 per cent 

 pure conifer. The latter is mostly balsam-spruce swamp. Recent 

 fires cover only 1.7 per cent of the township. 



Dudley Township 



Dudley was not visited by the writer. It is drained by Burnt 

 river and the Haliburton and Irondale branches. Drag lake in the 

 central western border of the township is the largest body of water, and 

 covers about 1,700 acres. Two other lakes of considerable size, Lake 

 Miskwabi and Lake Kennibik, are found in the south central portion 

 of the township. The total water siirface of the township is 4,800 acres. 

 Except for the region about the two last -mentioned lakes, where the 

 rock is crystalline limestone, the prevailing rock of the township is 

 gneissic granite. The township is characterized by a hardwood forest 

 which occupies 89.7 per cent of the area, and, as a whole, it has not 

 been severely culled. Four and four-tenths per cent is of the mixed 

 and 4.9 per cent of the poplar type. Farms occupy only i per cent 

 of the area. 



Guilford Township 



Watersheds. — The township of Gidlford belongs to the Gull River 

 drainage system. The streams are mostly only short connecting links 

 between the numerous lakes. The township has the largest water sur- 

 face of any of those considered in this report, nearly 6,000 acres in aU, 



