Number, kind, and class o( livestock. 



Animal husbandry requirements, such as moving livestock to prevent or reduce disease and 



parasites and to limit the disruption of cow/calf or ewe/lamb pairs. 



Location of pens and corrals, watering sites, winter feeding areas, and calving/ 



lambing areas. 



Presence of desirable and noxious plants; weed control, 



brush management, and chiseling. 



Growing seasons — weather and climate 



Surface and groundwater quality, 



quantity, and availability. 



Terrain and soil types. 



Possible outbreaks of disease and 



insects. 



Grazing and browsing by wildlife. 



Other management priorities (such as 



wildlife management or recreation). 



Step 3 ' Map out two or nwre grazing 

 management units. 



Based on the management goals and objec- 

 tives, divide the grazing land into two or more 

 grazing units, which may already be estab- 

 lished. These units will be alternately grazed 

 and rested in a planned sequence to allow 

 plants to recover. You must be able to contain 

 livestock within each unit, using fencing and 

 natural barriers or herding, and you will 

 want to consider the ease of moving ani- 

 mals from one unit to another. When 

 mapping unit boundaries, bear in mind 

 the location of roads, fences, corrals, 

 natural barriers, water sources, and 

 shelter. Fencing, gates, or other facili- 

 ties may need to be added. For optimum 

 Inestock performance, animals should be 

 within 2 hours travelling distance of water. 

 Check storage capacities of wells and springs, 

 and seasonal availability of ponds, streams, or 

 other live water sources. 



Be sure to balance the total forage supply of 

 each grazing unit with the forage needs of the 

 animals. Consider the accessibility of forage 

 during the period when livestock are scheduled 

 to graze. Forage production data may he field 

 measured or estimated on a site-specific basis. 

 Guidebooks are available from agencies to help 

 determine production data. Consider livestock 

 breed, age, size, and weight when assigning the 

 appropriate animal unit equivalent factor. 



Once the grazing units ha\e been mapped out, 

 key grazing areas and key plant species can be 



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