ibz SCIENCE AND METHOD. 



II. 



We see how much richer this new logic is than 

 the classical logic. The symbols have been multiplied 

 and admit of varied combinations, which are no longer 

 of limited number. Have we any right to give this 

 extension of meaning to the word logic} It would be 

 idle to examine this question, and to quarrel with 

 Mr. Russell merely on the score of words. We will 

 grant him what he asks ; but we must not be sur- 

 prised if we find that certain truths which had been 

 declared to be irreducible to logic, in the old sense 

 of the word, have become reducible to logic, in its 

 new sense, which is quite different. 



We have introduced a large number of new notions, 

 and they are not mere combinations of the old. 

 Moreover, Mr. Russell is not deceived on this point, 

 and not only at the beginning of his first chapter — that 

 is to say, his logic of propositions — but at the beginning 

 of his second and third chapters also — that is to say, 

 his logic of classes and relations — he introduces new 

 words which he declares to be undefinable. 



And that is not all. He similarly introduces prin- 

 ciples which he declares to be undemonstrable. But 

 these undemonstrable principles are appeals to in- 

 tuition, a priori synthetic judgments. We regarded 

 them as intuitive when we met them more or less 

 explicitly enunciated in treatises on mathematics. 

 Have they altered in character because the meaning 

 of the word logic has been extended, and we find 

 them now in a book entitled " Treatise on Logic " ? 

 They have not changed in nature^ hut only in position. 



