GLOSSARY OF ARCTIC TERMS 



Beset, so enclosed by floating ice as to be unable to navigate. 



Bore, to force through loose or recent ice. 



Calf, detached mass from berg or glacier, rising suddenly to the 

 surface. 



Crow's nest, a look-out place attached to the topgallant-masthead. 



Dock, an opening in the ice, artificial or natural, offering protec- 

 tion. 



Drift ice, detached ice in motion. 



Field ice, an extensive surface of floating ice. 



Floe, a detached portion of a field. 



Hummocks, ridges of broken ice formed by collision of fields. 



Ice-blink, a peculiar appearance of the atmosphere over distant ice. 



Ice-foot, the ice which adheres to the coast above the ordinary 

 level of the sea. 



Lane or lead, a more or less navigable opening in the ice. 



Nip, the condition of a vessel pressed upon by ice on both sides. 



Pack, a large area of floating masses of ice driven together more 

 or less closely. 



Palceocrystic ice, the name given by Nares to the old ice of the 

 Polar Sea. 



Polynia, a Russian term for an open-water space. 



Rue-raddy, a shoulder-belt to drag by. 



