LIVE STOCK. 



176 



I'he flow of milk is increased by steamiug the fodder— the color of the 

 u utter is, however, injured. The same ration vnH prove more fattening, 

 while, at the same time, there will be little or no waste, if the steam is weU 

 managed. It is best to have the steamed ration composed of a variety of 

 feed, such as com-fodder roots, hay or oat straw, v.-ith bran and com meal, 

 or cotton-seed, or liaseed-cake, or meal. The substitution of one kind of 

 fodder or meal for another, gives variety and relish. The coarse fodder ia 

 cooked soft, and the flavor of the roots and of the meal pervades the mass. 

 It is not likely that any of the small agricultural steamers can be made to 

 economically cook the food for as many as twentj--five or thirty head of cattle. 

 When a boiler of several horse-power is employed to do other work, aa 

 pumping, thrashing, sawing wood, crinding, cutting hay and com fodder, 

 etc., steam may be economically used for cooking fodder. Of this there can 

 be little doubt. The steam lx)x in which the fodder is placed for cooking, if 

 it is big enough, need not be filled oflener than twice a week, and if, as already 

 intimated, every pains is taken in the operation to save in the items of labor 

 and fuel, steaming fodder 

 for cattle will be found 

 profitable. 



Convenient Trough.. — 



! This trough is designed 



I more especially for an out- 



j door or field trough for sum- 



j mer and fall use. It is very 

 desirable with many to feed 



I their swine outside of pens 

 in those seasons, and every 



I farmer is aware that it is 



! almost a necessity to have 



' the trough arranged to keep 



' the swiue away, both from 



' the person who feeds them 



' and from the receptacle into 

 which their food is placed while the latter is being prepared. The trongh 

 which we illustrate is adapted very perfectly to this purpose. It may form 

 part of the fence, so that the swine cannot come to the rear, from which side 

 the food is placed ia it, and the additional advantage is the shelter of both 

 trongh and animals from storms. 



I The cut requires little explanation. The cover is hnng on pins and 

 fastened by a hook and staple on the rear side to keep it down. When food 

 is to be placed in the trough the hook is imfastened and the cover lifted up 

 in the position shown by the dotted lines. By this movement the swine are 

 completely shut away, and it is very convenient to place and mix their food. 



: A alight effort brings the cover back to its place, and they can then " go in." 



; Perhaps sheep feeders might take a useful hint from this plan. 



I Pig Raising — We will suppose that the farmer has a litter of good, 

 healthy pigs of good stock, one day old. He congratulates himself that, 

 having escaped the dangers which are so thick at the critical period of far- 

 rowing, he will have no further trouble. The pigs are hvely, and well de- 

 I veloped; the mother shows no disposition to eat them, and is careful not to 

 j overlie them. There are still two dangers right before the pig raiser 



CX)STEXrEHT TBOUQH. 



