HIXTS AXD HELPS. 



Vor the RemoTal of Stain<i and Spots. — The following methods of rc- 

 moring spots and stains from clothing are given on the authority of high 

 ohemical and textile authorities. They are beUeved to be trustworthy: 



Matter A<Uieiuig Mechanically. — Beating, brushing and currents of water, 

 either on the upper or under side. 



Gum, Siigar, JeUy, etc. — Simply washing with water at a hand heat 



Greaiv. — White goods, wash with soap or alkaline lyes. Colored cottons, 

 wash with lukewarm soap lyes. Colored woolens, the same or ammonia. 

 Silks, absorb the grease with French chalk or fullers earth, and dissolve 

 away with benzine or ether. 



Oil Colors, Varnish, and Resins. — On white or colored linens, cottons or 

 woolens, use rectified oil of turpentine, alcohol, lye and soap. On silks, use 

 benzine, ether and mild soap, very cautiously. 



Searine.—In all cases, use strong, pure iilcohoL 



Vegeta'jle OjIo)s, Fruil, ne<i Wine and liei.lJnk. — On white goods, sulphur 

 fumes or chlorine water. Colored cottons' and woolens, wash with lukewarm 

 soap-lye or ammonia. Silk, the same, but more cautiously. 



Alizarine //iir*.— White goods, tartaric acid, the more concentrated the 

 older the spots are. On colored cottons and woolens, and on silks, dilute 

 tartaric acid should be appUcd cautiously. 



liiood and Alhuhiinoil J/arteJS.— Steeping in lukewarm water. If pepsin 

 or the juice of Garica papaya can be procured, the spots are first softened 

 with lukewarm water, and then either of these sntetances is appUed. 



Iron .'^jwfs and Black Ink. — White gootls, hot osahc acid, dilute muriatic 

 add, with httle fi^gments of tin. On fast dyed cottons and woolens, citric 

 acid cautiously and repeatedly applied. Silks, impossible. 



Liuie and Alkalies. — WTxite goods, simple washing. Colored cottons, 

 woolens and silks are moistened, and very dilute citric acid is applied with 

 the finger end. 



Acids, Mnejar, Sntir Wine, Jfuat, Sour Frttits. — White goods, simple 

 washing, followed up by chlorine water if a fimit color accompanies the acid- 

 Colored cottous, woolens and silks are very carefully moistened with dilute 

 ammonia, with tlie finger end. (In case of delicate colors, it will be found 

 preferable to make some prepared chalk into a thin paste with water, and 

 apply it to the spots.) 



Tannin from Cliesinuts, Green Walmtts,€tc.,or Ijeather. — White goods, hot 

 chlorine water and concentrated tartaric acid. Colored cottons, woolens, 

 and silks, apply dilute chlorine water cautiously to the spot, washing it 

 away, and reapplying it several times. 



Tar, Cart-whed Grease, Mixtxu-es of Fat, Resin, Carbon and Acetic Acid. 

 — On white goods, soap and oil turpentine, alternating with streams of water. 

 Colored cottons and woolens, mb in with lard, let he, soap, let he again, and 

 treat alternating with oil of turpentine and water. Silks the same, more 

 carefully, using benzine instead of oil of turpentine. 



