182 MODERN FAimiEPw 



the string in his right hand, and the chambriere in 

 his left, and so vice versa; these he must make use 

 of, and keep himself more or less upon the flank 

 centre, or rear of the horse, as he finds it necessary. 

 In the changes from right to left in the epaule en 

 dedans, i;he person nearest the horse must be quick 

 in getting on the horse's left side, and the person 

 with the chamhr'iere must do the same ; the former 

 comino; round v^-ith the horse's head before him, and 

 the latter round by his croupe behind him, and so 

 vice versa to t]ie left. In the head and in the 

 croupe to the wall, both th^ men are already pro- 

 perly placed for the changes. 



In this lesson of the epatde en dedans, in hand, 

 when a horse is very clumsy, heavy in hand, and 

 stiff, headstrong, vicious, or apt to strike with his 

 fore-feet, or to rear or" kick out behind, a stick or 

 pole is very useful. The stick, about seven feet 

 long, is fastened by a strap or buckle through the 

 eye of the snafHe, where the reins pass ; a man 

 places himself at a certain distance on the right side 

 of the horse's head, going before him over the 

 ground to be worked upon, and holds the stick at 

 arm's length, having tied it so as to leave room to 

 play, as he draws it gently backwards and forwards 

 to refresh the horse's mouth. The other man holds 

 a long rein and the cliamhriere. Like the pillars, 

 this lesson is ffood or bad accordino; to the hands it 

 is in. Instances have occurred of a horse's jaw being 

 broken, and his tongue cut in two by it ; and there- 

 fore it should be used in the most skilful and tem- 

 perate manner, or not at all. It is useful in raising 

 horse's heads, particularly those that are apt to get 

 their heads down, or to kick in piaffing on forwards. 

 Almost any lessons may be accomplished by the 

 help of this pole. 



To work in hand, the head and the croupe to the 

 w^all, two strings, fixed as above described, (only 

 that they must not come at all through the large 



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