240 JUaDERN" FARRIEK. 



is, he may liave the will, perhaps the ambition, to 

 run to his last sob, but be deficient in physical 

 power — he faints, he sinks internally ; his lungs, his 

 limbs refuse any longer to perform their office with 

 their highest energy, and his pace is compulsively 

 slackened. The stout, but not honest horse, will 

 occasionally slacken his pace, and suffer himself to 

 be beaten without any of the above symptoms, or 

 appearance of debility : perhaps there is some ana- 

 logy in this case with that of the cart-horse, which, 

 however in general a capital drawer, never will or 

 can draw dead pulls. It would be difficult to dis- 

 cuss satisfactorily this point, as it regards the racer ; 

 but it may be fairly insisted on, abuse with the 

 whip and spur never succeeds in the case ; and, in 

 fact, horses are well known to have their running 

 days ; and there are so many obvious and constantly 

 recurring impediments to racing exertion, and the 

 edge or extreme of speed is so delicate a thing, that 

 we may well wonder at the degree of certainty 

 which we are accustomed to witness on the course. 

 In whipping the horse, the hand of the rider is ele- 

 vated above his head, that the strokes may proceed 

 from the extremity of the whip. Spurring is per- 

 formed by turning the toe outward, and giving 

 quick strokes. In making the last run, it is an ob- 

 ject to keep the tvkip hand, and to avoid being 

 hemmed in by the other horses. It is also politic 

 and usual not to win the race too hollow, when in 

 the jockey's power, that the extent of the horse's 

 abilities may not be known. The winning by the 

 shortest possible distance is one great and difficult 

 part of the business of the rider. 



Here it is necessary to say a few words on whip- 

 ping and spurring. The rule with a hot and 

 speedy horse is, to spare whip and spur, and trust 

 to a strong arm and check rein. The stout or 

 lurching horse, which well knows how to spare 

 Jiimself, nuist be forcibly driven, in order to elicit 



