22 



" Young, Groicing Horses. In addition to a maintenance ration, growing 

 animals, in order to develop properly, must be supplied with material for 

 making new growth. The material needed for this is proreln. But if we 

 increase the protein of a ration without increasing the fuel constituents, a 

 larger proportion of the protein will be burned as fuel, and the tissues will 

 not get it. If we increase the protein enough to allow for this burning we 

 get so much that there is danger of kidney troubles. The safest and ordin- 

 arily the best way to do is to increase the protein to what is needed, and 

 then increase the fuel so that it will be burned, and thus protect the protein 

 from burning. 



" Colts should ordinarily be given all the hay they will eat, and an amount 

 of grain depending on age and size, but at all times enough to keep them 

 growing rapidly and to retain what we call their colt form. If they are once 

 allowed to run down in condition while they are growing rapidly, they will 

 never afterwards regain the elegance of form found in a well-kept colt. If 

 properly nourished till mature, they will retain this form to a greater or less 

 degree till they begin to show the effects of age. 



" Food and Milk. It is generally supposed that the character of the food 

 has much ^o do with the richness of the milk. Careful experiments indicate 

 that this is not true. As a rule, the richness of the milk the cow gives 

 depends more on the individuality of the cow than on any other factor. 

 When a cow is subjected to excitement of any kind, as when chased by a 

 dog, when taken to the show yard, etc., A^ery great changes in the composi- 

 tion of her milk may be looked for. Also, when changes are made in her 

 food, especially if something very unusual is introduced into the food, the 

 character of the milk may temporarily undergo a change. Long series of 

 observations indicate that when cows are on succulent pastures, as in May 

 and June, their milk is not quite so rich as when on dry feed in the winter. 

 When a herd of cows give milk below the legal standard (3 per cent, of fat), 

 about the only remedy is to introduce into the herd a few head of cows 

 known to give richer milk. 



" Interdicted Feeds. There are certain substances that have such injur- 

 ious effects on milk that it is questionable whether they should ever be fed to 

 dairy cows. Yet many feeding stuffs that would otherwise be injurious may 

 be fed with proper precaution. Bad flavours in milk are often due to odours 

 in the barn where the milking is done. Hence, in feeding any substance 

 with a distinct odour, such as silage, for instance, always wait until the milk 

 has been removed from the barn. A. X. Hyatt, one of the leading practical 

 dairymen of Wisconsin, says that turnips, and many other things that some- 

 times taint the milk, may be fed with impunity if the above rule is observed. 

 Feed them after milking, and at least ten hours before the next milking. 



" In feeding wet brewers' grains, the greatest care should be exercised to 

 prevent contamination of the milk. They should never be fed after fermen- 

 tation has started in them, and vats, troughs, etc., with which the wet grains 

 come in contact, should be carefully looked after. Many dairymen will not 

 feed the wet grains because of the effects produced in the milk from small 

 particles of the material that necessarily get into it from the air of the milk- 

 ing place. 



