CATTLE 



A I'KOSIM'.HorS FAKM 



Lumpy Jaw. This condition is easily 

 recognized by the swelling which extends 

 out from the lower jaw bone. 



Prompt, expert treatment should l)e 

 given, otlierwise if neglected the swelling 

 becomes quite large and finally' l)reaks; as a 

 result the value of the animal deteriorates. 



Bloating is often encountered following 

 heavy feeding. The ordinary washing soda 

 (hypo-sulphite of soda) used by i)hotog- 

 raphers is very useful when given in table- 

 spoonful doses in the feed. If i:)loating per- 

 sists other causes should be looked for. 

 Animals bloat on pasture as a result of a 

 too abundant vegetation. "When this con- 

 dition exists in pastures, cattle should be 

 allowed to remain therein but a short 

 time. Wet, luxurious pastures are ver}^ 

 prone to cause bloat. 



Impaction of the rumen or large stom- 

 ach is not very common, but occurs when 

 cattle break into any green crop and 

 gorge theniselv(>s. When this happens ani- 

 mals should be kept from water. It may 

 happen that an operation will be necessary 

 l)y cutting into the large stomach and re- 

 moving the larger part of its contents. 



Diarrhoea. Frequently seen in young 

 calves and is descri])ed under "White 

 Scours." In old cattle unless the trouble 

 continues little or no attention need he 

 paid it. Small doses of diluted hydrochloric 



acid in drinking water relieves the trouble. 



White Scours in Calves. This disease ap- 

 ])(';iis in young calves ranging from a week 

 to a month in ago and has a very high mor- 

 tality and is very similar to navel ill in 

 colts. About the first symptom noticed is 

 the refusal of the calf to nurse, and .shows 

 an inclination to remain lying down. A 

 profuse yellowish, foamy diarrhoea is no- 

 ticed and in a short time aninud becomes 

 extremel}' weak and emaciated. 



The organism which causes the disease is 

 taken up in some way ])y the calf, just lunv 

 has so far not been definitely determined. 

 It is known the feces of affected calves re- 

 main virulent for consideral)le time, hence 

 when the disease appears in one calf it is 

 very likely to spread to others. 



Preventive treatment consists in keeping 

 tlie stables clean and disinfectetl. Affected 

 calves should l)e immediately isolated, and 

 manure and litter removed and burned. 

 Floors and entire stall should be disin- 

 fected as suggested elsewhere. 



Vaccination of infected animals is recom- 

 mended and the strength sustained by 

 careful feeding. This disease like many 

 others is in part due to dark, dirty pens. 



CJerms of all descrii)tions do not thrive 

 in sunlight, but find their best growth in 

 dark, damp places, where they retain their 

 vitality for a long period of time. 



AVUSIIIRES— PUIZi: lULL AND COW 

 The Ayrshire type of dairy cattle oriyinaled in Scollavd. The average ueiyht of cous ahuut 1000 lbs-, the bulls 1600 lbs. 

 The colors include while, hrou-a and red. Ayrshires arc neat in. apinanincc. Noted for cheese muKinij quattties. 



