84 THE LYCHEK AND LUNGAN 



Lydi(< Ltaf Gail 's 



A very conspicuous enemy of the lychee and lungan are 

 the leaf galls which are found widespread about Canton. Mi. 

 J. E. Higgins l treats of these galls caused by mites, reporting 

 them as having made their appearance on the lychee in the Hawaiian 

 Islands. He says, ''Specimens of this mite have been submitted for 

 identification to Dr. L. O. Howard, Chief of the Bureau of Entomo- 

 logy, of the Department of Agriculture, who reports that the mite is 

 apparently an up described species of Eriopbyes the genus responsible 

 for similar diseases of other plants." The first symptoms of the 

 work of these mites is quickly discernable by the wrinkled leaves. 

 On examination the early stages are easily seen as small galls embed- 

 ded on the under surface of the leaves which increase in size and are 

 covered with a brown velvety hairy growth. 



Mr. Otto A. Reinking 2 reports, "The most injurious affec- 

 tion on lychee is three different types of leaf galls produced by insects. 

 As a common thing entire branches of leaves are attacked. The 

 symptoms of the usual gall formation is a thickened, wrinkled leaf On 

 the affected portions are formed many abnormal hairs of a brown color 

 with a velvet-like appearance. A second type of gall is evidenced by 

 a somewhat spherical enlargement without the numerous hairs. The 

 third type is a minute gall in the form of a slightly enlarged portion 

 around the insect puncture." Further investigation should reveal 

 whether or not these types of galls are produced by the same or 

 different species of Efiophyes. 



Mr. Higgins 1 reports three different treatments tried in Hawaii 

 to kill these Eriophyes as follows : 



1. Solution of 10 ounces nicotin sulphate and 1 3/4 pounds 

 whale-oil soap in 50 gallons of water. 



2. Resublimed flowers of sulphur in powdered form, applied 

 with an ordinary power bellows at the rate of 4 3/4 pounds for a tree 

 20 feet high and 28 feet in spread. 



3. Solution of self-boiled lime-sulphur solution made up of 4 

 pounds quicklime and 4 pounds flowers of sulphur in 25 gallons of 

 water. 



1 Higgins, J.E. , The Litchi in Hawaii, Hawaii Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station, Bulletin No. 44, pages 17 and 18 and figures 1 and 2. 



Reinking, Otto A., Diseases oj Economic Plants in Southern China. 

 The Philippine Agriculturist, Vol. VIII, No. 4 (Nov. 1919), page 123. 



