(Read Preface) 

 REQUIRE?IEMTS AND METHODS OF GROmNG THE APPLE 



Climatic Re qui re me nts - 



In general: Cool nights, freedom from excessive heat; Coast valleys 



and high altitudes preferable. 



Soil Requirements - Deep, rich, moist, calcareous loam, 8' or more in depth, 



with v/ell drained subsoil. East, west or south 

 slopes preferred. 



Water Requirements - Ample supply of moisture throughout the year. 



Setting Out and Caring for Orchards to Maturity - 



Distance apart of trees 



Average number per acre 



Time of plemting out 



Age to self-sustaining crop 



Age to maturity 



Most popular varieties 



Length of profitable life 

 Calendar of operations 



30' X 30' 



48 



January, February or March 



8 years 



12 years 



Yello'.7 Newt^own, Yellow Bellflov/er, 



Gravenstein, Alexander, Jonathan, 

 Estimated 40 years. 



Irrigation 



Pruning 

 Fertilizing 



Spraying 



Cultivation 



Companion Cropping 



Irrigation 

 Pruning 

 Fertilizing 

 Cultivating 



Very little done in Coast sections. In some 



mountain sections some irrigation necessary, 

 usually during June, July and August. 



Prunai annually in January or February to form 

 head . 



Cover crops for soils lacking in body. Land 



usually intercropped when trees are small, and 

 expense of fertilizing is borne by them. 



Trunks v/hitewashed in spring. Sprayed with lime 

 sulphur or oil emulsion for scale during 

 dormant season. hatched for borers. 



Plowed in February and i»uarch, harrowed twice, 

 cultivated at 6 v/eeks intervals. (Expense 

 usually borne by intercrop.) 

 : Intercropped to berries, small fruits, 

 beans, beets, corn, and sometimes alfalfa. 

 Usually discontinued after trees are 8 to 10 

 years old. 



Very little done, except as noted above, 



January - February . To head in and shape tree. 



Very little done. Cover crops sometimes grown. 



March, plowed, worked down. Crop cultivated 

 4-6 times, April to August. 



