(Read Preface) 



RECUIPEi^NTS A?JD IgTHCD? OF GROWING THE OLIVE 



70 



Climatic Reauirements- 



In General; 



6200 - 7200° F. required to ripen crop. (Add mean tempera- 

 tures for all months fron blossoming to ripening time. 

 Divide by number of months. Multiply by n'omber of days.) 

 Dry climate, free from too much moisture in air and 

 frosts when berries are on trees. Temperature never 



to drop belov.' 20° F. and no frosts from middle of 

 April to middle of December. 



Soil Requirements- 

 Surface : Best 



Subsoil 

 Depth 



is soft, v/arm, friable, light sandy loam (wide range, 

 hov/ever. 

 Moderately moist, v/ell drained, abundance of lime and potash. 

 8' or more (many successful orchards on shallow; soils.) 



Water Requirements- b 



Not as much attention given as should be. Usually needs 30 acre inches 



of water to produce profitably. (Varies with depth 

 and character of soils.) 



Setting Out and C?xinK for Orchards to I.laturity- 



Distance Apart of Trees 



Average Number per Aero 



Time of Planting Out 



Age to Self-Sustaining Crop 



Age to Maturity 



Most Popular Varieties 



Length of Profitable Life 



30' X 30' 



48 



February - April 

 7 years 

 :|0 28 years 



Mission, Manzanillo , Escolano 

 Estimated to be hundreds of years. 



Calendar of Operations to Maturity: 



Irrigation : To koep constant moisture supply available all year 



round. This means irrigating every 6 to 8 weeks 

 from May to Nover.ber, r/hile trees are small. 



Pruning : 1st year only ground suckers and cross branches 



removed. 

 After 1st year, pruned annually to make head. 



If soils lack body, fertilizers, green manures and 

 stable manure used. 



Usually not required for young trees. 



Usually such as is required by companion crops. 



Yearly deep plo'ving to keep feeding roots down 

 is desirable. 



Companion cropping: As in other orchai-ds, if soil, water and fertility 



r'ill permit. 



Fertilizing 



Spraying 



Cultivating 



