ARTIFICIAL PONDS. 25 



to be covered by the sod. If such a pond or tank be of irregidar outline and 

 from fifty to sixty feet iniength, ample space will be afforded for the effective 

 planting of large clumps of Arundos, Bamboos, Erianthus, Musas, etc. , in the 

 rear, and at the same time allow sufficient space for one to walk between them 

 and the pond, so as to inspect the occupants of the latter. If chimps of Lotus 

 be planted in sections of the pond at the rear, little space will be left for any 

 other plants in the pond save a tub or two of Papyrus antiquorum and Cyperus 

 alternifolius (Umbrella Grass). Next to the grasses, shrubs with evergreen 

 and deciduous trees should be planted if such be not already there to give pro- 

 tection against high winds. In case of a tank, such as is pictured on page 27, 

 where the brickwork is seen above ground, a frame and sashes can be used for 

 early and late protection, but on the other hand, little can be done in the way 

 of planting on the margins, yet a few plants, such as Acorus calamus, A. c, 

 variegatus. Iris Ksempferi, I. pseudo-acorus, Papyrus antiquorum, Cyperus 

 alternifolius, Limnocharis Plumieri, Scirpus, and Sagittarias, can be grown in 

 pots and placed on pot stands or inverted pots, so as to bring the roots of the 

 plants near the surface of the water. If the rear of the pond be flanked by 

 trees as shown in the picture, the Iris, Scirpus, and Cyperus, together with Iris 

 Kasmpferi may be planted in the ground near the pond where they can enjoy 

 a liberal supply of water at all times. 



Fountain basins with ornamental copings are sometimes surrounded by a 

 gravel walk which affords a good opportunity of inspection of the flowers in 

 the fountain, but the stone coping and the gravel walks do not harmonize with 

 the water and aquatic plants, and should be relieved by a border of green- 

 sward ; this, however, should be omitted where, as in some public places, it is 

 necessary to have a sign imploring people to "keep off the grass!" 



A border of plants with glaring colors is most objectionable and detracts 

 from the central or main feature of the fountain basin and its contents, but a 

 border of Grasses, Rushes, and Iris, together with Zizania aquatica, Typha lati- 

 folia, and T. minimamay be planted in boxes and distributed irregularly around 

 the margin inside the basin, bringing the boxes near the surface of the water, 

 allowing a depth of from three to six inches above the soil. Between the taller 

 plants clumps of Water Poppy (Limnocharis Humboldti), Eichornia azurea, 

 Eichornia crassipes major (Water Hyacinth), and Pistia stratiotes (Water 

 Lettuce) may be introduced ; the last two are floating plants and should be kept 

 in place by hoops or wire netting supported by stakes and brought near the 

 surface (yet out of sight), so as to keep the plants in place. 



