66 



THE FIRST BOOK OF FARMING 



Substances found in plants. 



Cellulose or woody fibre 



Starch 



Sugar 



Gum 



Fat and oil 



Albuminoids 



Ashes 



Water 



Elements of which 

 they are made. 



Carbon 

 Oxygen 

 Hydrogen 



Carbon 



Oxygen 



Hydrogen 



Nitrogen 



Sulphur 



Phosphorus 



Phosphorus 



Potassium 



Calcium 



Magnesium 



Iron 



Oxygen 



Hydrogen 



Sources from 

 which plants ob- 

 tain them. 



Air 

 Water 



Air 

 Water 



Soil 



r 



Soil 



Here is a brief description of these chemical ele- 

 ments. 



Oxygen, a colorless gas, forms one-fifth of the 

 air. 



Hydrogen, a colorless gas, forms a part of water. 



Carbon, a dark solid, forms nearly one-half of 

 all organic matter ; charcoal is one of its forms. 

 The lead in your pencil is another example. 



Nitrogen, a colorless gas, forms four-fifths of 

 the air. Found in all albuminoids. 



Sulphur, a yellow solid. 



Phosphorus, a yellowish white solid. 



Potassium, a silver white solid. 



Calcium, a yellowish solid. Found in limestone. 



