n 4 ON ARTIFICIAL FLIES. 



c. Wings. Breast or saddle feathers from the 

 pintail. 



Head. Bronze peacock herl. 



Shoiilder Hackle. Grey partridge. 



Ribbing Hackle. Badger cock. 



Body. Of straw or maize ribbed with pale 

 olive tying-silk, and with a strand of 

 peacock herl, cinnamon-coloured at root. 



Whisk. Brown mallard. 



Dress all Spent Gnats in the following manner : 

 Set on the wings by laying the four hackles 

 horizontally on top of the hook, near the head, two 

 pointing to each side, or the two pintail feathers, 

 one on each side, secured by binding diagonally in 

 both directions with the tying-silk ; turn the root- 

 ends of the four hackles, or the two pintail feathers, 

 back toward the tail-end of the fly and bind them 

 down securely with the tying-silk ; then work on 

 the head, fasten in and turn the shoulder hackle. In 

 the pattern with detached body proceed from this 

 point as usual with that class of fly ; but with other 

 patterns carry the tying-silk to the tail-end of the 

 fly, where secure and set up the whisk, lap the silk 

 back to the shoulder, fasten in the floss silk for the 

 body ? the peacock herl for ribbing with the light 

 end at the shoulder and the root-end of the ribbing 

 hackle, carrying the tying-silk back to the tail-end ; 

 work down the body, securing it at the tail, and 

 cutting off refuse ; rib the body in regularly spaced 

 open folds with the herl, which fasten in at tail, and 



