XANTHOXYLON. 



nant ulcers, both internally administered and externally applied. An 

 infusion reckoned antispasmodic. Tincture found by Dr. Gillespie, a 

 West India practitioner, to be a good febrifuge ; according to others 

 the decoction is antisiphilitic. 



446. X, alatum Roxb.fi. ind. iii. 768. Nepal and other moun- 

 tainous countries north of Bengal. 



Trunk short. Branches covered with dark brown bark, spotted with 

 small, scabrous, white dots. Prickles stipulary, straight, dark-coloured 

 and sharp. Leaves alternate, unequally pinnate, from 2 to 4 inches 

 long; leaflets from 3 to 13, 5or7 the most usual, opposite, sessile, 

 lanceolate, in young plants crenulate, pretty smooth on both sides, with 

 a few pellucid points containing a fragrant juice. Petioles winged. 

 Stipules 0. $ . Racemes axillary, often compound, shorter than 

 the leaves. Flowers minute, pale yellow. Calyx small, with from 6 to 

 8 acute divisions. Corolla 0. Filaments 6, 7, 8, much longer than 

 the calyx. A hemispherical gland, with 2 or 3 elevations in the centre, 

 like so many stigmas, in the room of the pistil. - Racemes as 

 in the male. Flowers very minute, greenish yellow. Calyx as in the 

 male. Corolla 0. Stamens 0. Ovaries as many as 5, 3 or 4 more 

 common, 1-celled, containing 2 ovules, attached to the top of the inner 

 angle of the cell. Styles single, shorter than the ovary. Capsules 1, 

 2, or 3, roundish, reniform, or ovate, of the size of a small pea when 

 recent, when dry wrinkled, and much smaller, short-pedicelled, 1-celled, 

 2-valved, opening round the apex. All parts of the plant aromatic 

 and pungent. Seeds used medicinally by the natives. Roxb. 



447. Z. piperitum DC.prodr. i. 725. Fagara piperita Linn, 

 sp. 172. (Kcempf. t. 893.) Japan (Seo and Sansjo). 



A prickly shrub. Leaves unequally pinnated, in 4-5 pairs : leaflets 

 ovate-oblong, crenated. Petiole somewhat winged, jointed. Prickles 

 erect, short, stiff, brown, in the place of stipules. Cymes few-flowered, 

 terminal. Flowers greenish, the size of coriander seeds. Capsules 

 the size of pepper-corns, roundish, finely tuberculated, brown when 

 ripe. Seeds black, shining, solitary, insipid. A powerful aromatic, 

 used by the Japanese as a condiment in the room of Ginger or Pepper. 

 The active principle chiefly in the fresh leaves, the dry bark and the 

 pericarp. The doctors of the country apply a poultice made of the 

 bruised leaves and rice flour to sore throats. 



TODDALIA. 



Flowers unisexual. Calyx short, 4-5-toothed. Petals 4-5, 

 longer than the calyx, spreading. ^. Stamens 4-5, longer 

 than the petals, inserted round the base of the gynophore (recep- 

 tacle.) Pistil rudimentary, prism-shaped, 5-angled. <j> . Fila- 

 ments 5, sterile, very short. Gynophore short, 5-furrowed, 

 gland-like. Ovary 1, ovoid, fleshy, 5 (or fewer?) celled: 

 ovules 2 in each cell, superposed. Stigma nearly sessile, pel- 

 tately 5-lobed. Fruit fleshy, dotted, 2 ?-5-celled (some of the 

 cells occasionally abortive). Seed solitary in each cell, some- 

 what angled-reniform. Embryo curved. Shrubs. Leaves 

 alternate, digitately trifoliate, more or less pellucid-dotted, 

 217 



