PIPERACE^E. 



637. P. Chaba W. Hunter in As. res. ix. 391. Blume in act. 

 bat. xi. 168. f. 7. Roxb. fl. ind. i. 156. Dietr. sp. pi. i. 672. - 

 Piper longum Rumph. amboin. v. t. 116. f. 1. Islands of the 

 Indian Archipelago. (Island Long Pepper.) 



Stem suffruticose, climbing, rooting. Leaves stalked, ovate or oval- 

 oblong or lanceolate, taper-pointed, unequal at the base, triple or even 

 quintuple ribbed, netted, membranous, smooth. Spikes stalked, the 

 males filiform, the females cylindrical-conical, erect at first, afterwards 

 pendulous. Berries small, globose, reddish, grown together. Blume. 

 Called in Sanscrit Chawed and in Hindi Chab ; its properties appear 

 to be the same as those of Piper longum. 



638. P. sylvaticum Roxb. fl. ind. i. 156. Mountains on the 

 North-west border of Bengal, where it is called Pahari peepul, or 

 Mountain Long pepper. 



Root perennial. Branches creeping on the ground, or rooting on 

 trees like Ivy; all the young parts polished. Leaves alternate, pe- 

 tioled, equally-cordate, obtuse, from 5 to 7-nerved, smooth. . 

 Spikes opposite a leaf, short-stalked, slender. Filaments generally 4, 

 oval, fleshy, very short. Anthers 1-celled. _ . Spikes on a different 

 plant, opposite the leaves, short, stalked, cylindrical. Used in Bengal 

 both green and ripe as long pepper. 



639. P. Amalago Mill. diet. No. 3. Swartz. obs. 19. 

 (Sloane hist. i. t. 87. f. 1.) Hilly parts of Jamaica. 



Leaves ovate-oblong, acute, equal at the base, 5-nerved, rugose, 

 smooth on each side. Spikes erect, as long as the leaves or nearly so. 

 Fruit black, pungent, size of a mustard seed. Extremely like black 

 pepper in quality. Should be collected before it is quite ripe. Leaves 

 and young shoots discutient; root in infusion resolutive, sudorific, 

 diaphoretic. See Lunan hort.jamaic. i. 51. 



640. P. anisatum HBK. n. g. et sp. pi i. 58. South 

 America on the banks of the Oronoko. 



Branches round, striated, smooth. Leaves roundish, ovate, acumi- 

 nate, deeply cordate, netted, 9-nerved, thin, membranous, with pellucid 

 dots, with appressed hairs on the upper side, downy on the veins 

 beneath, fringed with hairs at the edges. Leaves and fruit have the 

 smell and taste of Anise ; a decoction of the latter used to wash ulcers. 



641. P. Siriboa Linn. sp. pi. 40. Blume act. bat. xi. 208. 

 f. 24. (Rumph. v. t. 117. f. 2. Siriboa) East Indies ; conti- 

 nent and islands. 



Stem climbing. Leaves stalked ovate-oblong, acuminate, scarcely 

 unequal somewhat cordate at the base, with from 5 to 7 ribs, reticu- 

 ated, smooth. Spikes long, pendulous. Used in the same way as the 

 following species. 



642. P. Betle Linn. sp. pi. 40. Roxb. fl. ind. i. 158. Bot. 

 mag. t. 3132. (Burm. zeyl. t. 82. f. 2. Rheede vii. t. 15. 

 Rumph. v. t. 116. f. 2.) Cultivated all over India and the 

 Malay countries ; also in the West Indies. Once found wild by 



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